冠狀病毒Coronavirusl論文-1987 [Perspectives in Medical Virology] Animal Virus Structure Volume 3 __ Chapter 12 Coronaviridae.pdf

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1、Nermut/Steven(eds)AnimalVirusStructure01987ElsevierSciencePublishersB.V.(BiomedicalDivision)173CHAPTER12CoronaviridaeMALCOLMR.MACNAUGHTON'andHEATHERA.DAVIES2'BootsCelltechDiagnosticsLimited,240BathRoad,Slough,Berkshire,U.K.,andClinicalResearchCentre,WatfordRoad,Harrow,Midd

2、lesex,U.K.Family:CoronaviridaeGenus:CoronavirusSpecies:Avianinfectiousbronchitisvirus(IBV),bovinecoronavirus(BCV),caninecoronavirus(CCV),felineinfectiousperitonitisvirus(FIPV),haemagglutinatingencephalomyelitisvirus(HEV),humancoronavirus(HCV),mousehepatitisvirus(MHV),ratco

3、ronavirus(RCV),sialo-dacryoadenitisvirus(SDAV),porcinetransmissiblegastroenteritisvirus(TGEV).12.1.GeneralcharacteristicsCoronavirusesarespherical,lipid-containing,envelopedparticleswithtear-drop-shapedsurfaceprojectionsorpeplomers.ThegenomeisonemoleculeofssRNAandthevirion

4、scharacteristicallycontainthreemajorstructuralproteinclasses.Theantigenicrelationshipsofcoronavirusespresentacomplexpattern.Thegeo-graphicdistributionofmanycoronavirusesisworldwide.Biologicalvectorsofcoronaviruseshavenotbeenreported,andthenaturalhostsformthemajorreser-voir

5、sforfurtherinfection.17412.2.ChemicalandphysicalcharacteristicsCoronavirusparticlescontainthreemajorproteinclasses,withinwhichthepoly-peptidesvaryinnumberandmolecularweightbetweenspecies.Thenucleocapsidproteinisphosphorylatedandisofmolecularweight50000to60000.Thesurfacepro

6、jectionproteinconsistsofoneortwoglycosylatedpolypeptidesofmolecularweightbetween90000and180000.Finally,thetransmembraneor‘matrix’proteinisasingleprotein,whichisglycosylatedtodifferentdegrees,andhasamolecularweightbetween20000and35000.Thegenomeisasingle-strandedlinearmolecu

7、leofRNAofpositivesense,ofmolecularweight5.4to6.9xlo6.Itispolyadenylatedatthe3’terminalandcap-pedatthe5’terminal.Theaveragedensityofcoronavirusparticlesis1.18g/cm3insucroseand1.23-1.24g/cm3inCsCl.Fig.12.1.AgroupofHCV229Eparticles.Theparticlesareenveloped,pleomorphicandaresu

8、rround-edbyacoronaofsurfaceprojections.Someoftheparticlesdonothaveacompletecoronaofsurfac