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1、COMMISSIONOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIESBrussels,8.9.2006COM(2006)481finalCOMMUNICATIONFROMTHECOMMISSIONTOTHECOUNCILANDTOTHEEUROPEANPARLIAMENTEfficiencyandequityineuropeaneducationandtrainingsystems{SEC(2006)1096}ENENCOMMUNICATIONFROMTHECOMMISSIONTOTHECOUNCILANDTOTHEEUROPEANPARLIAMENTEfficiencyand
2、equityineuropeaneducationandtrainingsystems1.INTRODUCTION11.The2006SpringEuropeanCounciloutlinedthetwinchallengeswhichEurope’seducationandtrainingsystemsfacewhenitconcludedthattheyarecriticalfactorstodeveloptheEU’slong-termpotentialforcompetitivenessaswellasforsocialcohesion.Itstatedthatrefo
3、rmsmustbesteppeduptoensurehighqualityeducationandtrainingsystemsthatarebothefficientandequitable.TheseissuesarecentraltothefulfilmentoftheEU’sobjectivesintheLisbonPartnershipforGrowthandJobsandtheOpenMethodofCoordinationforSocialInclusionandSocialProtection.2.AcrossEurope,inthecontextofpubli
4、cbudgetconstraintsandthechallengesofglobalisation,demographicchangeandtechnologicalinnovation,greateremphasisisbeingplacedonimprovingefficiencyintheeducationandtrainingsector.Thisisdesirable,ofcourse,butitisfrequentlyassumedthatefficiencyandequityobjectivesaremutuallyexclusive.Itistoooftenth
5、ecasethatexistingeducationandtrainingsystemsreproduceorevencompoundexistinginequities.23.However,theevidenceshowsthatviewedinawiderperspective,equityand3efficiencyare,infact,mutuallyreinforcingandthisCommunicationfocusesonpolicieswherethisisthecase.Itaimstoinformpolicy-makersabouttrendsinoth
6、erMemberStatesandthesupportingresearchavailableatEUlevel,tohelptheir4decisionmakingintheongoingprocessofsystemreform.TheStaffWorkingPapersetsoutthedetailedunderlyingevidence.1.1Facingtheeconomicandsocialchallenges4.TheEUisfacingfourinterrelatedsocio-economicchallenges:globalisation,andtheeme
7、rgenceofnewlyindustrialisedandhighlycompetitivecountries;demography,intheformofEurope’sageingpopulationandmigrationflows;rapidchangeinthenatureofthelabourmarket;andthetechnology-drivenICTrevolution.Eachofthesehasanimpactonthechallengeofprovidinggoo
