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1、智課網(wǎng)托福備考資料托福閱讀修辭目的題典型題分析：例證類之一Paragraph5:Dependenceonlong-distancetradealsomeantthatthegreatempiresoftheMiddleEastwerebuiltbothliterallyandfigurativelyonshiftingsand.Thecentralstate,thoughoftenveryrichandverypopulous,wasintrinsicallyfragile,sincethedevelopmentofne
2、winternationaltraderoutescouldunderminethemonetarybaseanderodestatepower,asoccurredwhenEuropeanseafarerscircumventedMiddleEasternmerchantsafterVascodaGama'svoyagearoundAfricainthelatefifteenth-centuryopenedupasouthernroute.Theecologyoftheregionalsopermittedarmedp
3、redatorstoprowlthesurroundingbarrens,whichwerealmostimpossibleforastatetocontrol.Peripheralpeoplesthereforehadagreatadvantageintheirdealingswiththecenter,makinggovernmentauthorityinsecureandanxious.?Inparagraph5,whydoestheauthormentionthenewtraderouteopenedupbyVa
4、scodaGamar’sfifteenth-centuryvoyagearoundAfrica?oToprovideevidencethatEuropeanseafarerstookeveryopportunitytobypassMiddleEasternmerchantsoTopresentaninstanceinwhichMiddleEasternstateslostmoneyandpowerbecauseoftheirrelianceonlong-distancetradeoToarguethisnewrouteb
5、ecamenecessarywhenEuropeanseafarerswantedtoavoidMiddleEasternstateswhosecentralpowerhadbeguntoerodeoToexplainhowdaGamahelpedEuropeantradersavoidthedangerouspredatorsprowlingtheareassurroundingMiddleEasterncities.答案：B解析：VascodaGamar所在句子由asoccurred引導(dǎo)。通過as（就像）可知，as后
6、引導(dǎo)的內(nèi)容為前一句的例子，所以前一句為論點句。答案B是原句的同義替換。============================================================?Paragraph3:GlaciersarepartofEarth'shydrologiccycleandaresecondonlytotheoceansinthetotalamountofwatercontained.About2percentofEarth'swateriscurrentlyfrozenasice.Twoperc
7、entmaybeadeceivingfigure,however,sinceover80percentoftheworld'sfreshwaterislockedupasiceinglaciers,withthemajorityofitinAntarctica.Thetotalamountoficeisevenmoreawesomeifweestimatethewaterreleaseduponthehypotheticalmeltingoftheworld'sglaciers.Sealevelwouldriseabou
8、t60meters.Thiswouldchangethegeographyoftheplanetconsiderably.Incontrast,shouldanothericeageoccur,sealevelwoulddropdrastically.Duringthelasticeage,sealeveldropp
