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1、英語構詞法英語主要有三種構詞法：轉化、派生和合成。在高考中，凡超出《考試說明》詞匯表范圍的單詞，若利用構詞法能猜出其意義，均不加中文解釋。新教材2000多詞中派生詞、合成詞、轉化詞占近700個，可見其重要性。下面簡要介紹一下這三種構詞法。一、轉化構詞法：英語中的一個單詞由一個詞類轉化為另一個詞類而詞形不變，成為轉化法。這種構詞方式主要體現在名詞、動詞、形容詞之間的相互轉化。①有大量的動詞可以轉化為名詞，有時意思沒有太大的變化：Letmehaveatry.Westoppedthereforaswim.Hewentoffatarunt
2、oconsultadoctor.Thisisforwinterwear.Don’tmakeittootight.Thiswasagreatsurprise（strike，shock）tomybrother.有時意思有一定的變化：Hewasaboutthesamebuildashisbrother.Lastyear’scatchwasfourtimesthatof1986.Thiswasadecisivemove.20Theycanbeusedasastockfeed。Womenhaveaequalsayineverything.。
3、②也有相當多的名詞可以當動詞用。許多表示物件的名詞可以用做動詞來表示動作。Haveyoubooktheticket？Whochairedthemeeting？Hepinnedgreathopesonus.Itcanseatathousandpeople.Wehavemappedoutplansfortheirutilization.ItpicturesthelifeofoverseasChinesestudents.Hehurriedlypenciledthetimeonit.Bynoonhehadbaggedthreehares
4、.Themachinebottles15000jarsofcoldaday.Themoneywasallpocketedbycorruptofficials.Hehammeredanailintothewall.有些表示身體部位的名詞也可以用來做動詞。Handinyouexercise-books，please.We’llnotbackup.Weshoulddaretofaceanydifficultyanddanger.Whoheadedthedelegation.We’llheadedforYunnantomorrow.Wes
5、houldshouldertheseresponsibilities.20Shefingeredthesilkgently.I’mneverinterestedinnosingoutthedetailsofsomeoneelse’sprivatelife.Theyeyedhimwithsuspicion.一些表示一類人的名詞也可用做動詞：Ifso，weshallbebadlyfooled.）Heinsistedonstayinguptonursethechild.）Wewerehostedbymembersoftheembassy
6、.Ouraimistosavethepatientandnottodoctorhimtodeath.Theequipmentwasmannedbythreeworkerspershift.HehassoldieredinFranceinhisyouth.Thearmywasofficeredbybravemen.Heclaimstohavefatheredover20children.Hefatheredmanyinventions.一些表示其他實物的名詞也可用做動詞：Eachapartmentcanhouseafamilyofs
7、ix.Ihopewecanroomtogether.Thishelpedtobridgeoverourdifficulties.Theyfloweredwellbutborelittlefruit.Heflooredtheroom.20Anaeroplanewasusedtodustinsecticide.Wedecidedtodamtheriver.Heisbusyoilingthebicycle.Hewolfeddownthreegreatbowlsofrice.Thepilliscoatedwithsugar.Executi
8、ves，workersandtechniciansteamup.此外，還有一些抽象名詞等也可以用做動詞：Wheredoswallowswinter？WesummeredbyLakeGeneva.Forsixdaysandnightstheybatt
