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1、貴州農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)2014,42(12):102~105GuizhouAgriculturalSciences[文章編號(hào)]1001-3601(2014)12-0745-0102-04煙草對(duì)鎘的吸收及分布特征楊威1,安雪琴2,夏海乾3,張浩1,錢(qián)曉剛1*,周淑平3(1.貴州大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院,貴州貴陽(yáng)550025;2.貴州省煙草公司銅仁市公司,貴州銅仁554300;3.貴州省煙草科學(xué)研究院,貴州貴陽(yáng)550081)[摘要]為了解烤煙不同生育期土壤中外源重金屬鎘的有效性變化和鎘在煙株各器官的積累及分配特征,用不同鎘濃度處理石灰土土壤進(jìn)行
2、烤煙盆栽試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:鎘在煙株各器官的含量表現(xiàn)為下部葉>中部葉>上部葉>莖、根;隨著生育期的推進(jìn),下部葉的鎘含量呈先升高后降低趨勢(shì),而其他器官鎘的含量不同程度地降低,降幅為50%~80%。隨著土壤鎘處理濃度的升高,煙株各器官的鎘含量呈顯著上升,煙株對(duì)重金屬鎘的吸收量也呈增加趨勢(shì)(p<0.05)。在現(xiàn)蕾期煙株對(duì)鎘的積累量占總量的95%,吸收的鎘90%以上儲(chǔ)存在葉片中。外源鎘進(jìn)入土壤后,其有效性逐漸降低,降幅為30%左右,但仍能被煙株大量吸收。在烤煙生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中嚴(yán)禁外源重金屬鎘進(jìn)入土壤-煙草系統(tǒng)。[關(guān)鍵詞]烤煙;有效態(tài)鎘
3、;吸收特征;分布;生育期[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)]S572[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]AAbsorptionandDistributionFeaturesofCadmiuminTobacco1,ANXueqin2,XIAHaiqian3,ZHANGHao1,QIANXiaogang1*,ZHOUShuping3YANGWei(1.AgriculturalCollegeofGuizhouUniversity,Guiyang,Guizhou550025;2.TongrenBranchCompany,GuizhouTobaccoCompany,To
4、ngren,Guizhou554300;3.GuizhouTobaccoScienceResearchInstitute,Guiyang,Guizhou550081,China)Abstract:Toexplorethevaliditychangesofheavymetalcadmiumintheplantingtobacco'ssoilandtheaccumulationanddistributioncharacteristicsofCdinplantorgans,apotexperimentwasconducte
5、dwithlimesoiltreatedwithdifferentconcentrationsofcadmium.TheresultsshowedthattheperformanceofCdcontentintobaccoorganswerelowerleaf>middleleaf>upperleaf>stem,root;Withthegrowthandpromotion,cadmiumcontentoflowerleavesincreasedfirst,thendecreased,butadeclineof50%~
6、80%Cdinotherorgansreduceindifferentlevel.Withtheincreasingofcadmiumconcentrationinsoil,thecadmiumcontentincreasedsignificantlyindifferentorgansoftobacco,andcadmiumaccumulationalsoincreased(p<0.05).Morethan90%oftheCdabsorbedbytobaccowassavedintheleaves.Accumulat
7、ionofcadmiumaccountedforabout95%ofthetotalduringreproductivestage.Whenexogenouscadmiuminsoil,itseffectivenessdecreasedbyabout30%,butstillalotofabsorptionoftobaccoplants.Therefore,exogenousheavymetalwasstrictlyforbiddengettingintosoi-ltobaccosystemintheprocessof
8、tobaccoproduction.Keywords:tobacco;availablecadmium;absorptionfeature;distribution;grouthperiod近年來(lái),環(huán)境污染越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,重金屬超標(biāo)的問(wèn)過(guò)煙氣進(jìn)入人體產(chǎn)生危害的研究受到重視,但國(guó)內(nèi)[1]題已引起人們的重視,并且有研究指出,我國(guó)農(nóng)田還沒(méi)有頒布煙葉重金屬