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1、基于有限元方法的重載貨車驅(qū)動橋殼分析張驕，楊建偉（太原科技大學(xué)機(jī)電學(xué)院，山西030024，E-mail:413711913@163.com）摘要：隨著中國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展，汽車工業(yè)已邁入新時代，重型載貨車的需求量大大增加，對重型汽車的性能要求越來越高，這使得傳統(tǒng)的驅(qū)動橋橋殼設(shè)計計算方法已經(jīng)無法滿足現(xiàn)代汽車設(shè)計的要求。由于驅(qū)動橋橋殼是汽車的重要承載件和傳動件，是維系車輛運行安全的關(guān)鍵部件，橋殼的性能和疲勞壽命直接影響汽車的有效使用壽命。因此，驅(qū)動橋殼應(yīng)具有足夠的強度、剛度和良好的疲勞耐久特性。本論文以某貨車的驅(qū)動橋殼為研究對象，提出了橋殼幾何模型的簡化方法，利用PRO/E建模
2、軟件建立了橋殼的有限元計算模型，并聯(lián)合有限元分析軟件ANSYS對橋殼進(jìn)行了強度計算和有限元模擬分析，得出了零件的應(yīng)力和變形分布，驗證了設(shè)計的合理性，為汽車驅(qū)動橋的強度評價提供了相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。關(guān)鍵詞：重載貨車；驅(qū)動橋橋殼；有限元分析；變形中圖分類號：U463.218+.5文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：AAnalysisontheHeavyTruckDriveAxleHousingwiththeFiniteElementMethodZhangJiao,Yangjianwei(SchoolofMachinery&ElectronicsEngineering,TaiyuanUniversityofSci
3、enceandTechnology,Taiyuan030024,China)ABSTRACT:TheautomobileindustryrunsfastbytheChineseeconomichighspeeddevelopment.Thequantityoftheheavytruckdemandsbecomesmoreandmorehighly,thefunctionoftheheavytruckismoreexcellent,sothefeasibletraditiondesignsoftheautomobiledriveaxlehousingalreadyhaven’
4、tsatisfytherequestthatmodemdesigns.Sincetheaxlehousingismainlycarryingandpassingcomponentsofthevehicle,theaxlehousingfunctionandfatiguelifehavedirectimpacttoeffectiveautomobileusefultime,theaxlehousingshouldhavesufficientintensity,stiffnessandwelldurablefatigueproperty.Therefore,theaxlehou
5、singdesignsarealsotoimproveautomobilesafetyandthecomfortablenessimportancerationallymethods.Thispaperhasdrivenatruckaxlehousingastheresearchobject,putforwardasimplifiedgeometricmodelofthebridgeshell,usingPRO/Emodelingsoftwaretoestablishthefiniteelementmodelofthebridgeshell,andthencombining
6、finiteelementanalysissoftwareANSYStoconductastrengthcalculationandfiniteelementsimulationanalysisonthebridgeshell,atlast,itobtainedthedistributionofstressanddeformationofparts,whichverifiedthedesignisreasonable,providetherelevantdatafortheautomotivedriveaxlestrengthevaluation.Keywords：heav
7、ytruck;driveaxlehousing;finiteelementanalysis;deformation引言汽車驅(qū)動橋殼是汽車上的主要承載構(gòu)件之一，其主要功用是支撐汽車質(zhì)量，并承受由車輪傳來的路面反力和反力矩，并經(jīng)懸架傳給車架（或車身）；它又是由主減速器、差速器、半軸的裝配基體。驅(qū)動橋殼應(yīng)有足夠的強度和剛度且質(zhì)量小，且便于主減速器的拆裝和調(diào)整。因橋殼的尺寸和質(zhì)量比較大，制造較困難，故其結(jié)構(gòu)型式在滿足使用要求的前提下應(yīng)盡可能便于制造。驅(qū)動橋殼分為整體式橋殼，分段式橋殼和組合式橋殼3類[1]。整體式橋殼具有較
