資源描述:
《干燥方式對(duì)酥脆香菇品質(zhì)的影響.pdf》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在應(yīng)用文檔-天天文庫。
1、※基礎(chǔ)研究食品科學(xué)2012,Vo1.33,No.1387干燥方式對(duì)酥脆香菇品質(zhì)的影響謝靜,趙阿丹,熊善柏,趙思明(華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)食品科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院,湖北武漢430070)摘要:以香菇為原料,采用真空油炸、常壓油炸、冷凍干燥、微波干燥、熱風(fēng)干燥和微波-真空油炸-熱風(fēng)聯(lián)合干燥6種方式制成酥脆香菇,研究干燥方式對(duì)其品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明:真空油炸香菇的酥脆性和內(nèi)部的孔洞較大,組織形態(tài)、香氣和滋味較好,但色澤較暗;冷凍干燥香菇的體積收縮率最小,內(nèi)部有較多且均勻的孔洞,其感官品質(zhì)最好;聯(lián)合干燥香菇的酥脆性最大,體積收縮較真空油炸嚴(yán)重,感官品質(zhì)僅
2、次于冷凍干燥;常壓油炸香菇的香氣較好,但組織形態(tài)、色澤和酥脆性較差,脂肪含量高:微波干燥和熱風(fēng)干燥香菇的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)致密,酥脆性差,體積收縮最嚴(yán)重,感官品質(zhì)羞。以真空油炸和冷凍干燥香菇的綜合品質(zhì)最好。關(guān)鍵詞:干燥方式;香菇;酥脆性;體積收縮率;色澤;微觀結(jié)構(gòu);品質(zhì)EffectofDryingMethodsontheQualityofCrispyMushroomXIEJing,ZHAOA—dan,XIONGShan—bai,ZHAOSi—ming(CoHegeofFoodScienceandTechnology,HuazhongAgr
3、iculturalUniversity,Wuhan430070,China)Abstract:Vacuumfrying,atmosphericfrying,freezedrying,microwavedrying,hotairdryingandmicrowave-vacuumfrying。hotairdryingwereusedseparatelytopreparecrispymushroomfromfreshshiitaketostudytheeffectofdryingmethodsonthequalityofcrispym
4、ushroom.Theresultsshowedthatthecrispymushroomobtainedfromvacuumfryingexhibitedlargeinteriorholes,goodtexture,aromaandtastebutdarkcolor.Frezedryingprovidedtheminimumvolumeshnnkagerateoffrcshshiitakeresultedinmoreinternalholesdistributedmoreevenlyandthebestsensoryquali
5、ty.Thecrispymushroomobtainedfrommicrowave—vacuumfrying—hotairdryingrevealedthemaximumcrispiness,butmoreseriousvolumeshrinkagewhencomparedtothatobtainedfromvacuumfryingandpoorersensoryqualitywhencomparedtothatobtainedfromfreezedrying.Thecrispymushroomobtainedfromatmos
6、phericfryinghadbetterarolna,butworsetexture,colorandcrispiness,andhighfatcontent.Thecrispymushromsobtainedfrommicrowavedryingorhotairdryingexhibitedcompactinteriorstructure,poorcrispiness,andthemostseriousvolumeshrinkage,andbadsensoryquality.Thebestoverallqualityofcr
7、ispymushroomcouldbeachievedbyvacuumfryingorfbeezedrying.Keywords:dryingmethods;mushroom:crispness;shrinkagerate:color:microstructure;quality中圖分類號(hào):TS205.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1002.6630(2012)13.0087—05香菇是一種常見的食用菌,富含多種營養(yǎng)成分、和口感,且營養(yǎng)成分損失少。食品的干燥與油炸都是風(fēng)味物質(zhì)【】和功能性成分,被譽(yù)為“菇中皇后”。目在熱量的作用下水分
8、蒸發(fā)或者升華[17】,使食品的水分含前香菇的加工產(chǎn)品主要有脫水干香菇、香菇罐頭、香量降低。油炸脫水速度快,產(chǎn)品口感酥脆,色澤良好,菇果脯、香菇醬、香菇醬油、香菇多糖【,】等。香菇的但產(chǎn)品的含油率較高;冷凍干燥產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)較好,但干燥產(chǎn)品類型有多種,但脫水干香菇仍是主