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1、恭學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)2015,5(7):9—14JournalofAgriculturewww.caaj.org開花期干旱脅迫對(duì)黑龍江省不同年份育成大豆品種光合特性的影響鄭偉,劉成貴,郭泰,王志新,李燦東,張振宇,王慶勝,張茂明,劉忠堂(黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院佳木斯分院,黑龍江佳木斯154007)摘要:為了明確干旱對(duì)黑龍江省不同年份育成大豆品種光合特性的影響,選用1985—20l0年期間育成的5個(gè)代表性大豆品種為試材,在開花期設(shè)置了輕度脅迫(田間最大持水量55‰6O%),重度脅迫(田間最大持水量35%~40%)和正常水分管理
2、(田問(wèn)最大持水量75%~80%),對(duì)光合特性進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:隨著干旱強(qiáng)度的增強(qiáng),不同年份品種單株葉面積、葉色值、凈光合速率和單株粒重均呈下降趨勢(shì),但不同品種之間下降趨勢(shì)存在差異。在干旱脅迫條件下隨著品種育成時(shí)間的推移單株葉面積、葉色值、凈光合速率和單株粒重降低百分率等均呈先升高后降低的趨勢(shì);輕度干旱條件下單株葉面積、葉色值、凈光合速率和單株粒重下降百分率與育成年份相關(guān)達(dá)到顯著或極顯著水平(R=O.7673’、R=O.8410’、R:0.9045”、R=0.9872”),重度干旱條件下單株葉面積下降百分率
3、與育成年份相關(guān)不顯著(=0.6057)、葉色值、凈光合速率和單株粒重下降百分率與育成年份相關(guān)均達(dá)到極顯著水平(R。=0.9775”、R扣0.9332”、R=0.9699”)。從單株葉面積、葉色值、凈光合速率和單株粒重的變化趨勢(shì)可以看出,隨著品種的遺傳改良,黑龍江省不同年份育成大豆品種的抗旱能力呈先降低后升高的趨勢(shì)。關(guān)鍵詞:大豆;不同年份;光合特性;遺傳改良中圖分類號(hào):$52文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A論文編號(hào):cjasl412003lDroughtStressinFloweringPeriodonPhotosyntheti
4、cCharacteristicsofSoybeanVarietiesofDiferentBredYearsinHeilongjiangProvinceZhengWei,LiuChenggui,GuoTai,WangZhixin,LiCandong,ZhangZhenyu,WangQingsheng,ZhangMaoming,LiuZhongtang(JiamusiBranchAcademyofHeilongfiangAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Jiamusi154007,Hei
5、longjiang,China)Abstract:InordertoresearchdroughtstressinfloweringperiodonphotosyntheticcharacteristicsofsoybeanvarietiesofdifferentbredyearsinHeilongjiangProvince,5representativesoybeanvarietiesbredin1985—2010weretakenasthetestmaterialsandtheauthorsetmild—
6、。stress(thefieldmaximumwater—-holdingcapacity55%-60%),serious-stress(thefieldmaximumwater—holdingcapacity35%一40%)andnormal(thefieldmaximumwater-holdingcapacity75%一80%)inflowenngperiodtoanalyzethephotosyntheticcharacteristics.Theresultsshowedthattheleafareap
7、erplant,leafcolorvalue,netphotosyntheticrateandgrainweightperplantofsoybeanvarietiesofdifferentbredyearspresentedadecliningtrendasthedroughtintensionenhancedandhaddecliningdifferences.Underthedroughtstressconditionsandasvarietiesbredtimewenton,theleafareape
8、rplant,leafcolorvalue,netphotosyntheticrateandgrainweightperplantpresentedageneralincreasingtrendfirstlyandthendecreased.Underthemilddroughtcondition,thedecliningpercentagesofperplantleafarea,leafcolor