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1、澳大利亞歷史英語介紹Theearlypre-colonialperiodThecolonialperiodFederationperiodModerntimes01020304Contents早期殖民前期殖民時期聯(lián)邦時期現(xiàn)代時期Theearlypre-colonialperiod01European’sExplorationinAustraliaWillemJansz&DickHartogJamesCook真正發(fā)現(xiàn)澳大利亞的人（1770）植物灣（BotanyBay)European’sExplorationinAustraliaTorres靠近澳
2、洲東部的新赫布里底群島證實：新幾內(nèi)亞與“未知的南方大陸”之間是由一道海峽分隔開而非連接在一起的（1606）有記載第一個踏上澳大利亞的歐洲人（1606）&澳大利亞西海岸首位發(fā)現(xiàn)者（1616）Thecolonialperiod021Thefoundationofcolony2Thegoldenrush01英國流放犯建立殖民地Reason:TheprimaryreasonwastheestablishmentofapenalcolonytotoreducetheprisonpopulationandthecrimerateinBritian.TheBr
3、itishsettlementinAustraliabeganinthelate18thcentury.02Thefoundationofcolony1787.5.131788.1.2626,January11boatscarried575prisonersand212soldiersleavingforAustralia,theyarecalled“thefirstfleet(第一艦隊）”TheyreachedSydneyHarbourandsettleddownhere.Australia’sNationalDay(澳大利亞國慶日）Thefo
4、undationofcolonyMarkedaturningpointinAustralia’scolonialhistoryLeadanincreasedpoliticalindependencefromBritianandagreatdebateaboutfederation.PopulationofAustraliaincreasedandbroughtimmediateandlong-termchangestotheeconomyBeganintheearly1850s1Influenceoneconomy23Influenceonpol
5、iticTheGoldenRush03FederationperiodQueenslandSouthAustraliaVictoria&TasmaniaNewSouthWalesWesternAustraliaSixSeparateColoniestheCommonwealthofAustraliaOn1January,1901,theProclamationoftheCommonwealthofAustraliawasheldinSydney.TheCommonwealthofAustraliaConstitutionActdividedthe
6、powersofgovernmentbetweenthestateandthefederallevel.Thefederalgovernmenthadcontrolofdefence,communicationbetweenthestates,thepostalsystem,customs,immigration,foreignaffairs,welfare,andindustrialmattersthataffectedmorethanonestate.Eachstatekeptitsownparliament,andhadpowerovers
7、uchmatterswithinitsownbordersaseducationandpolice.TheCommonwealthofAustraliamaintainedstrongbondswithBritain.1223ConstitutionActTheCommonwealthofAustraliatimereasonresultBeganon4August,1914,WhenBritaindeclaredwaronGermany,AustraliaimmediatelyfollowedBritain’slead.Strongcultur
8、al,defence,tradeandeconomictiesthathaddevelopedbetweenthetwocountrie
