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1、最新(PPT)-外科學(xué)緒論-藥學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)精品資料一、現(xiàn)代外科學(xué)的發(fā)展DevelopmentofModernSurgery解剖學(xué)AnatomyJohnHunter(1728-1793),thefatherofexperimentalsurgeryandasuperbanatomistandteacher.麻醉AnesthesiaWillamt.G.Morton(1819-1868),aBostondentistwhosesuccessfuldemonstrationofetheranesthesiaonOctober16,184
2、6,attheMassachusettsGneeralHospitalwasalandmarkinthehistoryofsurgeryJohnH.Gibbon(1903-1973),pioneercardiothoracicsurgeonwhodevelopedextracorporealcirculation.AlexisCarrel(1873-1944),anexperimentalsurgeoninterestedinwoundhealing,tissueculture,organtransplantation,a
3、ndbloodvesselanastomosis.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizein1912.傅培彬(1912-1989),瑞金醫(yī)院外科創(chuàng)始人1954二尖瓣分離Commissurotomyofmitralstenosis1958大面積灼傷SevereBurn1963斷肢再植Replantationofcutlimb1977肝移植The1stcaseofLivertransplantation1978心臟移植The1stcaseofHearttransplantation1990s-二醫(yī)外科全面發(fā)展灼傷外
4、科、消化外科、膽胰外科Burnsurg,DigestiveS.,P.Biliary口腔外科、整形外科、小兒心臟外科StomatologicalS.PlasticS.PediatricCardioS.TheroleofSSMUinthedevelopmentofsurgeryinChina二、外科學(xué)范疇CategoryofSurgery外科疾病分類ClassificationofSurgicalDiseases1)損傷Trauma—mechanicalthermalchemicalelectrical……2)感染Infect
5、ion3)腫瘤NeoplasiaBenign,Malignant4)畸形AnatomicalabnormalitiesCongenital,Acquired5)內(nèi)分泌功能失調(diào)Metabolic&Hormonaldisorder6)梗塞與缺血Infarction&Ischamia7)其它Others梗阻Obstruction寄生蟲病Parasitediseases靜脈曲張Veinvaricose2.外科專業(yè)發(fā)展 DevelopmentofSurgicalSpecialties工作對(duì)象和性質(zhì)實(shí)驗(yàn)外科EexperimentalS
6、urgery臨床外科ClinicalSurgery2)人體解剖系統(tǒng)骨科Arthrosteopedicsurgery頜面外科Dentofacialsurgery心胸外科Cardiothoracicsurgery泌尿外科Urologicsurgery神經(jīng)外科Neurosurgery普通外科Generalsurgery(腹部外科)Abdominalsurgery3)性病性質(zhì)腫瘤外科Neoplasticsurgery急癥外科Emergencysurgery創(chuàng)傷外科Traumasurgery燒傷外科Burnsurgery4)手術(shù)方式
7、整復(fù)外科Plasticsurgery顯微外科Microsurgery移植外科Transplantation微創(chuàng)外科Minimallyinvasivesurgery5)年齡小兒外科PediatricSurgery成人外科AdultSurgery6)專業(yè)婦科Gynecology耳鼻喉科Otolaryngology眼科Ophthalmology3.外科總論與各論 GeneralSurgery&SpecialSurgery外科學(xué)總論GeneralSurgery各臨床外科共同的專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)與臨床外科學(xué)的橋梁外科學(xué)各論Specia
8、lSurgery論述各系統(tǒng)、各臟器外科疾病的病因、病理、診斷與治療●外科分子生物學(xué)Surgicalmolecularbiology●外科免疫學(xué)Surgicalimmunology●無菌術(shù)Aseptictechnique●外科水、電解質(zhì)和酸堿平衡Fluidandelectrolytemanagementa
