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1、摘要隨著科技的發(fā)展，天然鱗片石墨已被廣泛應(yīng)用于化工、機(jī)械、冶金等眾多領(lǐng)域，尤其是石墨制品及其復(fù)合材料應(yīng)用更為廣泛，這種石墨制品及其復(fù)合材料對(duì)石墨純度要求很高，含碳量大都在99%以上。浮選法雖然工藝簡(jiǎn)單、成本低，但遠(yuǎn)達(dá)不到品味要求。而堿酸法、氫氟酸法等幾種目前較為常用的高純石墨的生產(chǎn)方法，從設(shè)備、工藝技術(shù)上都不是很成熟，因此有必要針對(duì)高純石墨制備工藝進(jìn)行研究，安全高效綠色制備石墨原料。鎢酸、磷鎢酸、磷鉬酸是酸性稍弱于氫氟酸的強(qiáng)酸，無(wú)毒，腐蝕性小，實(shí)驗(yàn)分別研究了這幾種強(qiáng)酸提純天然鱗片石墨，得出磷鎢酸在90℃與石墨以質(zhì)量比1:1混
2、合均勻攪拌3.5h為較佳工藝條件，可將97.28%的高碳石墨提純到99.05%的高純石墨。在解決石墨純度問題的同時(shí)，更降低了對(duì)環(huán)境的污染及人體的傷害，引領(lǐng)石墨產(chǎn)業(yè)健康、有序、可持續(xù)發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵詞：天然鱗片石墨；提純；鎢酸；磷鎢酸；磷鉬酸31AbstractAlongwiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,naturalflakegraphiteiswidelyusedinmanyfieldssuchaschemical,mechanical,metallurgical,graphite
3、productsanditscompositematerialsismorewidelyapplied.Inparticular,thehighrequirementofgraphiteproductsanditscompositematerialtothepurityofgraphite,carboncontentabove99%mostly.Flotationmethod,thoughsimpleprocessandlowcost,farshortoftasterequirements.Alkaliacidandhydr
4、ofluoricacidandsoonseveralcommonlyusedonesareofhighpuritygraphiteproductionmethodsisnotverymaturefromtheequipmentandprocesstechnology,soitisnecessaryforhighpuritygraphitetostudythepreparationtechnology,safeandefficientgreenpreparationofgraphitematerials.Tungstenaci
5、d,phosphotungsticacidandphosphorusisslightlyweakacidicmolybdateinhydrofluoricacid,non-toxic,corrosivesmall,theexperimentrespectivelystudiedtheseveralacidpurifiednaturalflakegraphite,phosphotungsticacidat90℃andgraphitetomassratioof1:1mixedevenlymixing3.5hforbetterpr
6、ocessconditions,highcarbongraphitepurificationcanbe97.28%to99.05%ofhighpuritygraphite.Intosolvetheproblemsofthepurityofgraphite,andreducethepollutiontotheenvironmentandhurthumanbody,leadingthegraphiteindustryhealthyandorderlyandsustainabledevelopment.Keywords：Natur
7、alFlakeGraphite,Purification,TungstenAcid,PhosphotungsticAcid,PhosphomolybdicAcid31目錄摘要..……………………………………………………………….IAbstract………….………………………………………..………....II第1章緒論………………………………….…………...………….11.1石墨的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)與用途21.1.1石墨的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)21.1.2石墨的工業(yè)分類31.1.3石墨的性能特點(diǎn)51.1.4石墨的應(yīng)用61.2石墨提純工藝研究現(xiàn)
8、狀61.2.1浮選法71.2.2堿酸法71.2.3氫氟酸法81.2.4氯化焙燒法91.2.5高溫法91.3天然鱗片石墨發(fā)展前景101.4實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康募皟?nèi)容101.4.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康募耙饬x101.4.2實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容10第2章實(shí)驗(yàn)方法及材料……………………………………………112.1實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器及藥品112.
