《翻譯理論與實踐》

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1、《翻譯理論與實踐》（筆譯）課程講稿田傳茂編寫長江大學外國語學院2010年8月127TeachingNotesonTranslationTheoryandPracticebyChuanmaoTianAugust2010Objectives:★Familiarizestudentswiththeessentialelementsintranslationstudies,suchasprinciples,process,techniques,etc.★IntroducethesimilaritiesanddissimilaritiesbetweenChine

2、seandEnglishinmodeofthinking,cultureandlanguage.★Introducemajormethodsforlexicaltranslation.★Introducemajormethodsinsententialtranslation.★Introducesomestrategiesfordiscoursetranslation.127Lecture1AnIntroductiontoTranslationTheoryandPracticeI.SignificanceII.DifficultiesIII.Learn

3、ingstrategiesI.SignificanceTEM8,GCT/postgraduateentranceexamination,CATTI/translationcertificates(translationasaprofession),graduationpaperwritingII.DifficultiesExamples：1）Hisparentcametotheschooltoseehim.(lexicalgap)他的家長來學?？此?。2）Theyareentertainingwomen(linguisticambiguity)她們正在招

4、待女客人。/她們是女招待。3)Shewasacat.(culturalconnotation)她是一個心腸很壞的女人。4)Davidwasinaclearmajority(modeofexpression)顯然大衛(wèi)屬于大多數(shù)。5)Myhusbandtookthepaperstothecabinet(falsefriends/fauxamis)我的丈夫拿著大把的手紙去洗手間了。cabinet:washroom6)Shewasamagpie.她是一個饒舌婦。（culturalconnotation/figurativemeaning）magpie:talk

5、ativeperson7）Anewdignitycreptintohiswalk．走路的姿態(tài)不知什么時候開始給人一種莊重的印象。/他走起路來，不覺平添了幾分尊嚴。(literary/figurativelanguage)8)Youaretellingme.我早知道了，不用你告訴我。（falsefriends/fauxamis）Otherdifficulties:abbreviations,wordplay,idioms,onomatopoeia,longsentences,neologisms,ads,etc.翻譯中一詞多義/句法歧義(linguist

6、icambiguity)：Thewaterisstillinthelake.Thestormisoverthere.Themanturnedoutanimpostor.(cheat).Helivesverynear(poor/stingy).Ifoundhimout(notathome).Johnpaintsnudes.(draw/putthepainton).Theyarerunningmates/runningdogs.在英語翻譯中有許多的falsefriendsFalsefriendsexistin:commonwords,idioms,figu

7、resofspeech,scienceEnglish.e.g.longlegs盲蜘蛛blue-stocking女學者blue-bottle青蠅whitecap浪頭白沫thesaltoftheearth社會中堅dog’sears軋件表面上的疤痕bull’s-eye靶心labor分娩127answerthecallofnature=gotoWCeatfortwo懷孕eatnofish對……忠誠JekyllandHyde兩面人[TheStrangeCaseofDr.JekyllandMr.HydebyR.L.Stevenson]letabreeze放屁cat

8、ch-22無法擺脫的困境Theyaretalkingturkey.他們在坦率地交談。（不能譯：