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1、學(xué)號(hào)07460220畢業(yè)論文PP/HGB復(fù)合材料的制備及性能研究學(xué)生姓名楊洋專業(yè)名稱材料化學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師李軍偉講師材料科學(xué)與工程系2011年6月PP/HGB復(fù)合材料的制備及性能研究PreparationandpropertiesofPP/HGBCompositematerials摘要采用熔融共混擠出的方法,用KH550硅烷偶聯(lián)劑和硝酸釹分別對(duì)不同粒徑分布的空心玻璃微珠進(jìn)行了表面改性,制備PP/HGB復(fù)合材料。研究HGB的加入對(duì)復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能,微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。通過差示掃描量熱儀(DSC)考察PP/HGB復(fù)合材料非等溫結(jié)晶過程,并采用Jeziorny和莫志深方程對(duì)PP/HGB復(fù)合材料進(jìn)
2、行非等溫結(jié)晶動(dòng)力學(xué)研究,用Kissinge方程計(jì)算非等溫結(jié)晶過程活化能。結(jié)果表明:未經(jīng)表面改性的HGB與PP的相容性差,復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能較差。HGB經(jīng)過KH550和硝酸釹表面改性后,與PP的相容性得以提高,復(fù)合材料綜合力學(xué)性能有所提高。隨降溫速率的增大,結(jié)晶峰溫Tp和結(jié)晶起始溫度T0向低溫方向偏移,結(jié)晶度Xc減小,結(jié)晶速率常數(shù)Zc均隨降溫速率的增大而增大,半結(jié)晶時(shí)間t1/2均隨降溫速率的增大而減小。并且經(jīng)過KH550和硝酸釹表面改性的HGB可以提高復(fù)合材料的結(jié)晶度,但降低了結(jié)晶速率。關(guān)鍵詞:聚丙烯;空心玻璃微珠;復(fù)合材料;力學(xué)性能;非等溫結(jié)晶動(dòng)力學(xué)ABSTRACTThehollo
3、wglassbeads(HGB)weremodifiedwithKH550andneodymiumnitrate,thecompositesofPP/HGBwerepreparedbyextrusionmolding.ThemechanicalpropertiesandmicrostructureofPPandthecompositeswerestudiedandthenonisothermalcrystallizationbehaviorwereinvestigatedusingdifferentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC).Thenonisother
4、malcrystallizationkineticsofsampleswereextensivelystudiedbyJeziorny’sequationandMoequation.Kissingeequationwithnon-isothermalcrystallizationactivationenergy.TheresultsshowedthatthecompatibilitybetweenHGBandPPwerepoorifHGBwerenotmodified,andthecompositeshadverypoormechanicalproperties.thecompa
5、tibilitybetweenHGBandPPcouldbesignificantlyimprovedaftersuperficialtreatmentofHGB.Thecompatibilitycouldbeimprovedandthemechanicalpropertiescouldalsobeincreased.Withthecoolingrateincreases,thecrystallizationpeaktemperatureTpandthecrystallizationonsettemperatureT0shifttolowertemperature,crystal
6、linityXcdecreases,Zcarewiththecoolingrateincreases,thecrystallizationhalftimet1/2increasedwithtemperatureratedecreases,thecrystallizationrateincreases.ThemodifiedHGBcouldimprovethecrystallinityofPP,butitdecreasedthecrystallizationrateofPP.Keywords:Polypropylene;hollowglassbeads;compositemater
7、ials;mechanicalproperties;non-isothermalcrystallizationkinetics目錄第1章文獻(xiàn)綜述11.1PP的特點(diǎn)及其性能11.1.1PP的特點(diǎn)11.1.2性能11.2PP的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用21.3HGB的特點(diǎn),應(yīng)用和表面處理31.3.1HGB的特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用31.3.2HGB的表面改性41.4聚合物結(jié)晶動(dòng)力學(xué)概述41.5研究內(nèi)容及意義5第2章實(shí)驗(yàn)部分62.1實(shí)驗(yàn)原料及設(shè)備62.1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)原料62.1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器和設(shè)備62.2實(shí)驗(yàn)過程72.3