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1、專科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）摘要隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展，汽車行業(yè)也隨之蓬勃發(fā)展，公路交通呈現(xiàn)出車流密集化和駕駛員非職業(yè)化的趨勢(shì)，因此交通事故越來越多。本文設(shè)計(jì)的汽車防撞雷達(dá)，就是當(dāng)汽車與障礙物的距離較近時(shí)即可向司機(jī)預(yù)先發(fā)出報(bào)警信號(hào)，可及時(shí)有效的防止交通事故的發(fā)生。該汽車防撞雷達(dá)是以MCS-51系列單片機(jī)為核心器件，結(jié)合比較常規(guī)的超聲波測(cè)距器件和霍爾車速傳感器以及價(jià)格低廉的電子元件組成，包括硬件設(shè)計(jì)和軟件設(shè)計(jì)兩部分。硬件設(shè)計(jì)方面，通過超聲波對(duì)車輛行駛過程中的各種情況進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)，再用霍爾測(cè)速傳感器對(duì)車速進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，同時(shí)為了提高測(cè)量精度，設(shè)置了溫度檢測(cè)電路；軟件設(shè)計(jì)方面，定時(shí)
2、/計(jì)數(shù)器T0通過對(duì)發(fā)射到接收超聲波的時(shí)間進(jìn)行計(jì)時(shí)，定時(shí)/計(jì)數(shù)器T1是完成一秒鐘內(nèi)脈沖數(shù)的計(jì)數(shù)，然后將所得數(shù)據(jù)送入控制單元，通過單片機(jī)對(duì)檢測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行處理分析并做出相應(yīng)的判斷。當(dāng)探測(cè)到存在潛在碰撞危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，單片機(jī)及時(shí)驅(qū)動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)向駕駛員發(fā)出語音提示及報(bào)警信號(hào)以提醒駕駛員采取控制措施以避免交通事故的發(fā)生，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了汽車防撞控制的目的。本系統(tǒng)具有低誤差、高精度和低成本的特點(diǎn)。該系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用可以保證運(yùn)行車輛的安全性，提高公路運(yùn)輸效率，具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景和經(jīng)濟(jì)前景。關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī)；超聲波測(cè)距；報(bào)警系統(tǒng)；防撞雷達(dá)V?？粕厴I(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）AbstractWiththedevelopm
3、entofoursocialeconomy,theautomobileindustryisdeveloping,too.Thetraffictendstobetraffic-intensiveanddriver-unprofessional,sotrafficaccidentsincreasedramatically.Theautomobileanti-collisionradarisdesignedforsendingalarmsignalinadvancewhenitisneartoobstacle,itcanpreventtheoccurrenceoftra
4、fficaccidentstimelyandeffectively.Theautomobileanti-collisionradartakestheMCS-51chipforcentrecontrolunit,integratewithconventionalultrasonicrangingdevice,hallsensorandcheaperelectroniccomponents.Itincludeshardwaredesignandsoftwaredesign.Inthedesignofhardware,thedistanceofautomobileand
5、obstacleismeasuredbyultrasonic,andtheautomobilevelocityismeasuredbyhallsensor,atthesametimethetemperaturedetectioncircuitissetinordertoimprovethemeasurementaccuracy;inthedesignofsoftware,timer/counterT0calculatesultrasonictimefromlaunchtoreceive,timer/counterT1countspulseinasecond,aft
6、erthattransmitsmeasuredatatocontrolunit,thenmeasurerusultsareanalyzedthroughsingle-chipmicrocomputerandgivescorrespondingjudge.Whenpotentialriskofcollisionisdetected,single-chipmicrocomputerwilldrivealarmsystemthatsendvoicepromptsandalarmsignalsfordrivertoremindthedrivertotakecontrolm
7、easuresinordertoavoidtheoccurrenceoftrafficaccidents.thusrealizethepurposeofanti-collisionforautomobile.Thesystemhascharacteristicsuchaslowerroneous,highaccuracyandlowcost.Theapplicationofthissystemmayguaranteesafetyofrunningautomobile.Itcanraisetransportefficiency,andhasgreatapplicat
8、ionan
