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2022-2023學(xué)年度高一年級(jí)上學(xué)期期末試卷英語(yǔ)試題(答題時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablyhave?A.Coffee.B.Tea.C.Juice.2.Whatdidthemanbringthewoman?A.Afork.B.Aknife.C.Aspoon.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Goindoors.B.Haveaswim.C.Haveaniceddrink.4.WhatiswrongwithLisa’sbook?A.Itsbackcameoff.B.Itsfrontisdamaged.C.Itspagesaremissing.5.Whywon’tthewomangotothemalltoday?A.Itwillbecrowded.B.Theweatheristoocold.C.Shepreferstogotoapark.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Educatingchildren.B.Writingashoppinglist.C.Dealingwithsometoys.7.HowoldisSam?A.Oneyearold.B.Threeyearsold.C.Sixyearsold.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Co-workers.C.Classmates.第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
9.Whenwillthespeakersprobablymeetnexttime?A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutcoconut?A.Heprefersittobedried.B.Helikesitonlywhenit’sfresh.C.Hehatesthetasteofitcompletely.11.Whatdidthespeakersjustbuyontheweekend?A.Carrots.B.Butter.C.Cheese.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Buysomeeggs.B.Turntheovenon.C.Cutthecoconutintopieces.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.readabooktohim.B.Returnaboofforhim.C.Recommendabooktohim.14.Whatdidthemanlastread?A.WarandPeace.B.GreatExpectations.C.TheHistoryofJewsinRussia.15.Whatkindofbooksdoesthemanwanttoreadnow?A.Best-sellers.B.Moreseriousliterature.C.Onesaboutfamilylife.16.Whatisthewoman’sjobprobably?Awaiter.B.Awriter.C.Alibrarian.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowmanychildrenwerethereinBenjaminFranklin’sfamily?A.17.B.16.C.10.18.WhatdidBenjaminFranklinwanttoworkas?Awriter.B.Aprinter.C.Asoapmaker.19.WheredidBenjaminFranklinfindajob?A.InNewYork.B.InNewJersey.C.InPhiladelphia.20.WhichexperimentmadeBenjaminFranklinfamous?A.Theonewithamusicalinstrument.B.Theonewithakiteandelectricity.C.Theonewithatypeofglasses.第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEnterDSWFGlobalCanvas2022GlobalCanvasisanannualchildren’sartcompetitionrunbyDavidShepherdWildlifeFoundation(DSWF).It’safantasticwaytoencouragecreativityanddisplaythoughtandconcernforourplanet’senvironmentandtheincrediblewildlifethatinhabitsit.We’rethrilledtoannounceentriesarenowopenfortheDSWFGlobalCanvas2022competition,forwhichthethemeis“ForestsofLandandSea”.DSWFGlobalCanvas2022isfreetoenterandopentochildrenaged16andunder—eitherasagrouporanindividual.Entriesforgroupandindividualcategorieswillbejudgedseparatelyandinthefollowingagegroups:age4-7years,age8-11years,andage12-16years.Agroupentrycanbeanysizefrom2childrenuptoanentireschool!Anyarttechniqueiswelcome.Entrantscancreateanartworkofanysizethattheylike,aslongastheirentryisbasedonthethemeandtheworkisoriginal.DSWFalwayslikestoseerecycledmaterialsusedwhereverpossible.Pleasenotethatyoumustn’tsendusyouractualartwork,however.Youneedtosendusaphotographandvideoofitinadditiontocompletingtherelevantgrouporindividualentryform.Allentriesmustbereceiveddigitallyby11June2022.Entrieswillbejudgedonthequalityofart,interpretationofthetheme,creativity,andforgroupentries—levelofjointwork.Thedecisionofthejudgeswillbefinal.Competitionwinnerswillreceivevouchers(代金券)forartsupplies,digitalanimaladoptionsandcertificates.1.Howmanyagegroupswilltheentriesbeclassifiedinto?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.2.Whichofthefollowingwillfailtomeettherequirementsofthiscompetition?A.Makinganartworkusingrecycledmaterials.B.Creatinganartworkwithanancientartform.C.DeliveringanoriginalphysicalartworktoDSWF.D.SendingadigitalphotoofacompletedworkonMay1.3.Whatistheextraconsiderationinjudgingagroupentry?A.Content.B.Cooperation.第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
C.Creativity.D.Complexity.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一年一度的全球兒童油畫(huà)藝術(shù)競(jìng)賽的相關(guān)事宜。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Entriesforgroupandindividualcategorieswillbejudgedseparatelyandinthefollowingagegroups:age4-7years,age8-11years,andage12-16years.(團(tuán)體和個(gè)人組別的參賽作品將分別在以下年齡組進(jìn)行評(píng)判：4-7歲，8-11歲，12-16歲)”可知，參賽作品會(huì)分為3個(gè)年齡組別。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Pleasenotethatyoumustn’tsendusyouractualartwork,however.Youneedtosendusaphotographandvideoofitinadditiontocompletingtherelevantgrouporindividualentryform.(然而，請(qǐng)注意，你不能寄給我們你的實(shí)際作品。除了填寫(xiě)相關(guān)的團(tuán)體或個(gè)人報(bào)名表外，您還需要將參賽作品的照片和視頻發(fā)給我們)”可知，向DSWF提供原始實(shí)物藝術(shù)品不滿足本次競(jìng)賽的要求。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Entrieswillbejudgedonthequalityofart,interpretationofthetheme,creativity,andforgroupentries—levelofjointwork.(參賽作品將根據(jù)藝術(shù)質(zhì)量、主題闡釋、創(chuàng)造力和團(tuán)體作品的聯(lián)合工作水平進(jìn)行評(píng)判)”可知，評(píng)判團(tuán)體參賽作品時(shí)，要額外考慮“l(fā)evelofjointwork”，即合作水平。故選B項(xiàng)。BItaly’scheapoldhomescontinuetoappealtohundredsofinterestedbuyers,amongwhomwasRoyPatrick,a67-year-oldBritishwhodealsinantiquesinItaly.PatrickboughtanoldschoolhouseinthemountainvillageofCarregafor$16,500.It’sbothanadventureandajoy.Patrickboughtthepropertyquitebyaccident.Whentoldaboutthewondersofthevillage,hetouredtheretotakealookandwasinstantlystruckbythe1930sschoolbuilding.“Thehouseisparticularandtheviewisunique:Thewaythesungoesdownoverthemountains,you’dsay‘wow’.It’safantasticwonderland,”saysPatrick.Thepropertywasoffloadedbythelocalgovernmenttoboostthepopulationsofcommunitiesindecline.Sincethepurchase,he’sbeenvisitingeverytwoweeksandfindsithasmanycharms.“Topofthelististhefriendlinessofthelocalresidents,followedbythebreathtakingviewsIgetoutofthewindowslookingacrossthevalley,”headds.Patrick’sinitialencounterwithhisnewhomewaslessthanpromising.Hehadtoclimbthroughawindowto第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
openupthebuildingwhichhadbeenshutfordecadesandwhosedoorwasjammed,withthekeysnowheretobefound.However,alaterstructuraldisasterturnedintoapositivestory.Whenanunstablechimney(煙囪)collapsedduetoaheavysnow,aneighborvolunteeredtoclimbontohisrooftomakeitsafe.Thelocalsaresowelcomingthattheyarereadytohelpnewcomers.Duringtherestorationneededtomaketheoldschoolhabitable,Patrickunexpectedlyunearthedagreatmanytreasures:dustypilesofoldtextbooks,inkwells,pupilregistersandotherhistoricalitems.PatrickhassomeadviceforthosewiththethoughtofbuyingahouseinCarrega:Thereisabsolutelynothingjustgreatviews,pureairandcleansurroundings.Nobars,supermarkets,orrestaurants.Avehicleisessentialtomovearound.However,Carregadoesspringtolifeinthesummerwhenvacationersarrivetorelax.“Therearenightswhenpeoplethrowapartywithloudmusic,”saysPatrick.“Otherwiseit’sjustsingingbirdsandtotalsilence.”4.WhatledtoPatrick’spurchaseoftheoldschoolhouse?A.Thelocals’friendlyattitude.B.Itslocationandrisingvalue.C.Itsuniquenessandsurroundings.D.Thegovernment’shousingwelfare.5.Whatwasthegovernment’sintentionofsellingtheproperty?A.Toattractmoresettlers.B.Toboostlocaltourism.C.Topreservevillagetraditions.D.Toreformeducationsystem.6.What’soneofPatrick’saddedbonusesofgettingthehouse?A.Acquiringmorepersonalspace.B.Diggingupsomehistoricalfinds.C.Enjoyingamoreactivesociallife.D.Gettingfreehomedecorationservice.7.HowdoesitfeelmostofthetimelivinginCarrega?A.Quiet.B.Lively.C.Modern.D.Convenient.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。67歲的英國(guó)人羅伊·帕特里克在意大利從事古董交易。帕特里克以16500美元的價(jià)格在卡雷加山村買(mǎi)了一棟舊校舍。本文介紹了這既冒險(xiǎn)又有趣的經(jīng)過(guò)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thehouseisparticularandtheviewisunique:Thewaythesungoesdownoverthe第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
mountains,you’dsay‘wow’.It’safantasticwonderland.”（這棟房子很特別，風(fēng)景也很獨(dú)特：當(dāng)太陽(yáng)下山時(shí)，你會(huì)說(shuō)‘哇’。這是一個(gè)奇妙的仙境。）可知，帕特里克買(mǎi)這舊校舍，是因?yàn)樗芴貏e，而且周邊環(huán)境也很特別。選項(xiàng)C“它的獨(dú)特性和周圍環(huán)境?！狈衔囊?，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thepropertywasoffloadedbythelocalgovernmenttoboostthepopulationsofcommunitiesindecline.”（當(dāng)?shù)卣鲎屃诉@塊地產(chǎn)，以增加衰落社區(qū)的人口。）可知，政府賣(mài)掉這塊地的意圖是為了增加人口，為了吸引更多的居住者。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Duringtherestorationneededtomaketheoldschoolhabitable,Patrickunexpectedlyunearthedagreatmanytreasures:dustypilesofoldtextbooks,inkwells,pupilregistersandotherhistoricalitems.”（在修復(fù)舊學(xué)校以使其適于居住的過(guò)程中，帕特里克意外地挖掘出了許多寶藏：積滿灰塵的成堆的舊教科書(shū)、墨水瓶、學(xué)生登記冊(cè)和其他歷史物品。）可知，帕特里克本來(lái)只是買(mǎi)了一個(gè)舊校舍，卻從中發(fā)掘了一些珍貴的歷史物品，這就是addedbonuses(額外的福利)了。B選項(xiàng)“挖掘一些歷史發(fā)現(xiàn)?！狈衔囊?，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Therearenightswhenpeoplethrowapartywithloudmusic,”saysPatrick.Otherwiseit’sjustsingingbirdsandtotalsilence.”（帕特里克說(shuō)：“有些夜晚，人們會(huì)開(kāi)著喧鬧的音樂(lè)派對(duì)?！背酥?，只有鳥(niǎo)兒在歌唱，一片寂靜。）可推斷，除了夏夜開(kāi)音樂(lè)派對(duì)的時(shí)候，這個(gè)地方會(huì)有點(diǎn)喧鬧，其余時(shí)間都是安靜的。故選A。CScientistsatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)inSingaporehavefoundanewwaytohandlefoodwaste.Theyareturningunuseddurian(榴蓮)fruitcoveringsintoanti-bacterialbandages.Theresearcherstookfibersfromthefruit’scoveringsaftertheywerecutanddried.Thentheymixedthefiberswithaliquidcalledglycerol(甘油).Thismixturebecomesasoftsubstancecalledhydrogel(水凝膠),whichisthenmadeintobandages.Thefruit’scoveringsmakeupmorethanhalfofadurian’sstructure.Theyareusuallythrownawayandburned,whichaddstoenvironmentalwaste.WilliamChenisdirectorofthefoodscienceandtechnologyprogramatNTU.Hesaid,“InSingapore,weconsumeabout12millionduriansayear,sobesidestheflesh,wecan’tdomuchaboutthecoveringsandtheseedsandthiscausesenvironmentalpollution.Sowedecidedtodosomethingtosolvetheproblem.”Chenaddedthatthetechnologycanalsoturnotherfoodwaste,suchassoybeansandgrainsintohydrogel.Thehydrogelbandagescankeepwoundareascoolerandmoremoist(濕潤(rùn)的)thannormalbandageswhich第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
canhelpspeeduphealing.Theresearcherssayusingwastematerialsfortheantibacterialbandagesislesscostlythanusingnormalbandages,forthetraditionalbandagesusemetalliccompoundslikesilverorcopper,whicharemorecostlythannaturalwaste.FruitsellerTanEngChuansaidhegoesthroughasmuchas1,800kilogramsofdurianeachdayduringdurianseason.Hesaidbeingabletousethepartsofthefruitthatareusuallythrownawaywouldmakeenjoyingdurian,inhiswords,“morecheerful.”8.Whatmotivatedtheresearcherstodevelopthenewbandages?A.Theshortageofbandages.B.Thepopularityofdurian.C.Pollutioncausedbydurianwaste.D.Therapidly-developingmedicalindustry.9.Whatadvantagesdothehydrogelbandageshaveovernormalones?A.Theycanshortenthehealingprocess.B.Theycontainlesssilverandcopper.C.Theybringhighersalesofdurian.D.Theyarebetter-receivedbycustomers.10.WhatisTanEngChuan’sattitudetowardsthenewhydrogelbandages?A.Critical.B.Objective.C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.11.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FoodWasteArousingGreatConcernofScientistsB.SingaporeScientistsTurningFruitLeftoversintoBandagesC.FruitSellersWitnessingaRapidIncreaseinDurianSalesD.HydrogelBandagesFunctioningBetterthanYouThought【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了新加坡南洋理工大學(xué)(NTU)的科學(xué)家們利用廢棄的榴蓮果殼制成抗菌繃帶。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thefruit’scoveringsmakeupmorethanhalfofadurian’sstructure.Theyareusuallythrownawayandburned,whichaddstoenvironmentalwaste.(榴蓮的外殼占了整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的一半以上。它們通常被扔掉并焚燒，這增加了環(huán)境浪費(fèi)。)”和第三段“Hesaid,“InSingapore,weconsumeabout12第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
millionduriansayear,sobesidestheflesh,wecan’tdomuchaboutthecoveringsandtheseedsandthiscausesenvironmentalpollution.Sowedecidedtodosomethingtosolvetheproblem.”(他說(shuō)：“在新加坡，我們每年消費(fèi)大約1200萬(wàn)個(gè)榴蓮，所以除了果肉外，我們對(duì)外殼和種子無(wú)能為力，這會(huì)造成環(huán)境污染。所以我們決定做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題?！?”可知，榴蓮的廢棄物造成的污染促使研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)新的繃帶。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thehydrogelbandagescankeepwoundareascoolerandmoremoist(濕潤(rùn))thannormalbandageswhichcanhelpspeeduphealing.(這種水凝膠繃帶可以使傷口比普通繃帶更涼爽、更濕潤(rùn)，有助于加速愈合。)”可知，水凝膠繃帶與普通繃帶相比，它們可以縮短愈合過(guò)程。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hesaidbeingabletousethepartsofthefruitthatareusuallythrownawaywouldmakeenjoyingdurian,inhiswords,“morecheerful.”(能夠使用那些榴蓮上通常被扔掉的部分，用他的話來(lái)說(shuō)，會(huì)讓享用榴蓮“更加愉悅”。)”可推斷，TanEngChuan對(duì)榴蓮被扔掉的部分制成新型水凝膠繃帶的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ScientistsatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)inSingaporehavefoundanewwaytohandlefoodwaste.Theyareturningunuseddurian(榴蓮)fruitcoveringsintoanti-bacterialbandages.(新加坡南洋理工大學(xué)(NTU)的科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種處理食物垃圾的新方法。他們把沒(méi)用過(guò)的榴蓮果殼制成抗菌繃帶。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了新加坡南洋理工大學(xué)(NTU)的科學(xué)家們利用廢棄的榴蓮果殼制成抗菌繃帶。所以“SingaporeScientistsTurningFruitLeftoversintoBandages(新加坡科學(xué)家將水果的殘留物制成繃帶)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。DWhatmakespeoplesospecial?Tooluse,self-consciousness,language,andculturearehighonthelist,butinfactallofthesecharacteristicscanbefoundelsewhereintheanimalkingdom.Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzeesusetoolsorthatgorillas(大猩猩)haveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichtheynormallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.Butthequalitiesthatweoftenthinkofasuniquelyhumanexistnotjustonland,butintheoceanaswell.Amongtheinvertebrates,octopuses(八爪魚(yú))areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge-brained,long-living,social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman-likecultureandawareness.Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingstheyhavelearnedtoothers.Manyanimalshave第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
cultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepforfishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyinfemales),withsomefamilies-grandmother,mother,anddaughter-allfeedinginthishighlyspecializedway.Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognizethemselvesinamirror.Whenfacingamirror,mostanimalsbehaveasthoughtheyareinteractingwithanotherindividual.Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimageinamirrorisoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months.Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark.12.Theexampleofgorillasrejectingcarrotsshowsthey________.A.arenoteasytofoolB.preferfruittovegetablesC.haveaspecialtasteforfoodD.haveanawarenessofequality13.Whatdooctopuseslackcomparedwithdolphins?A.Socialinteraction.B.Intelligence.C.Toolusingability.D.Fun-lovingspirits.14.Whatmakesdolphinculturespecial?A.Theytendtohuntingroups.B.Theirhuntingskillsarepasseddown.C.Theirlearningenvironmentisfavourable.D.Theirfamiliesaretypicallyfemale-controlled.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Dolphinsenjoylookingattheirownreflectioninthemirror.B.Dolphinsareasintelligentasatypical18-month-oldhumanbaby.C.Dolphinsaregenerallyregardedasthemostadvancednon-humanspecies.D.Dolphins’abilitytorecognizetheirownreflectionisahigher-ordermentalskill.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講了是什么讓人類如此特別?第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
工具使用、自我意識(shí)、語(yǔ)言和文化都排在前列，但事實(shí)上，所有這些特征都可以在動(dòng)物王國(guó)的其他地方找到，并以海豚為例，說(shuō)明了海豚文化和海豚的心智技能?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzeesusetoolsorthatgorillas(大猩猩)haveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichtheynormallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.”（人類和猿類是近親，所以黑猩猩會(huì)使用工具或者大猩猩有公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的意識(shí)也就不足為奇了，當(dāng)它們看到自己的鄰居拿葡萄時(shí)，它們甚至?xí)芙^胡蘿卜(它們通常會(huì)接受)）可知大猩猩拒絕胡蘿卜的例子表明它們有平等意識(shí)。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Amongtheinvertebrates,octopuses(八爪魚(yú))areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge-brained,long-living,social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman-likecultureandawareness.”（在無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物中，章魚(yú)以它們的智力而聞名，甚至顯示出頑皮、使用工具和個(gè)性的證據(jù)。但這些熟練的捕食者獨(dú)自生活，因此缺乏文化。另一方面，海豚是腦容量大、壽命長(zhǎng)、以社會(huì)群體為基礎(chǔ)的掠食者，正是在這里，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們與類人文化和意識(shí)的最大相似之處）可知和海豚相比，章魚(yú)缺少社會(huì)互動(dòng)。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepforfishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyinfemales),withsomefamilies-grandmother,mother,anddaughter-allfeedinginthishighlyspecializedway.”（從這個(gè)意義上說(shuō)，許多動(dòng)物都有文化，但讓海豚與眾不同的是它們傳承的文化。一些寬吻海豚嘴里銜著海綿，它們用海綿作為工具來(lái)清掃躲藏在海底的魚(yú)類。這種能力代代相傳(尤其是雌性)，一些家庭——祖母、母親和女兒——都以這種高度專門(mén)化的方式喂養(yǎng)）可知讓海豚文化如此特別的是它們的狩獵技巧代代相傳。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark.”（海豚不僅能認(rèn)出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一個(gè)黑色的標(biāo)記，它會(huì)花額外的時(shí)間在鏡子前看這個(gè)標(biāo)記）可推知海豚識(shí)別自己倒影的能力是一種更高階的心智技能。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，共12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
Motivationisthedesiretoactinserviceofagoal.It’sthecrucialelementinsettingandattainingourobjectives.Someofthemostcommongoalspeoplemake—andthemostcommongoalstheystruggletomeet—aretoeathealthier,workoutmore,andsavemoremoney.Manytrapscanpreventpeoplefromachievingthosegoals,butpredictingthosechallengescanhelpachieverealchange.Manypeoplestruggletosticktoadiet.Researchsuggeststhatextrinsic(外在的)motivators—toavoidhurtfulcommentsorfitintoanoutfit—canjumpstarttheprocessbutthatintrinsicmotivation—interest,enjoyment,andchallengeinthejourney—iskeytosustained,lastingweightloss.____16____Soit’shelpfultochooseadietthatwillbesustainableandeffectiveandbelievethatthediet,startdate,andendgoalshavebeenchosenautonomouslyandnot“assigned”byothers.Thereareafewcreativeideastoconsiderifmotivationisabarriertoexercise.Oneistowidentheoptionsyouhave:Ifyoudon’thavetimetogotothegym,exercisebygoingforawalk,doingabodyweightcircuit,orwatchingayogavideo.____17____Yetyoucanalsoestablishasocialcontractwithafriendorfamilymember.Forexample,ifyouallowphonetimetoreplaceexercise,youmustdonatetoacauseoftheotherperson’schoosing.____18____Thefirstistosetaspecificsavinggoalforanemergencyfund.Thisfocusedgoalwillbuildhabitsthatbecomesustainablesaving.Thesecondistosavesomethingeveryday,evenifit’sjustafewdollars,becauserepeathelpstoformhabits.Third,makingsavingsvisible,whetherbycheckingasavingsaccountonlineorkeepingcashinaglassjar.____19____Inadditiontocultivatingasavingattitude,it’simportanttochangeaspendingmindset.Mostpeople,unfortunately,failtofollowthroughontheirNewYear’sresolutions.Thismightbebecausepeopletendtosetoverwhelminggoals,engageinall-or-nothingthinking,don’tpredictbarriers,andbeatthemselvesupwhentheygetofftrack.Byaddressingthosetraps,peoplearemorelikelytotrulyachievetheirgoals.MotivationisoneofthedrivingforcesbehindhumanbehaviorItfuelscompetitionandsparkssocialconnection.Itsabsencecanleadtomentalillnessessuchasdepression.____20____It’sthekeyfactorsinsettingandachievingourgoals.A.Itishelpfultofindacommunityofsupporters.B.Peoplecanbreaklargegoalsintosmallerpieces.C.Eventually,consistentlyspendlessthanyoumake.D.Thefollowingstepscanhelpcultivatethehabitofsavingmoney.E.Intrinsicmotivationincludescompetence,autonomy,andrelatedness.第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
F.Motivationincludesthedesiretowardmeaning,purpose,andalifeworthliving.G.Anotheristomakeexercisemoreenjoyable,suchasbylisteningtoabookontape.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)減肥和省錢(qián)兩個(gè)例子，講解了動(dòng)力的分類和為自己創(chuàng)造動(dòng)力的方法。說(shuō)明動(dòng)力是行為背后的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力之一?！?6題詳解】上文“Researchsuggeststhatextrinsicmotivators—toavoidhurtfulcommentsorfitintoanoutfit—canjumpstarttheprocessbutthatintrinsicmotivation—interest,enjoyment,andchallengeinthejourney—iskeytosustained,lastingweightloss.(研究表明，外在的動(dòng)機(jī)——避免傷害性的評(píng)價(jià)或?yàn)榱舜┠臣路梢詥?dòng)這個(gè)過(guò)程，但內(nèi)在的動(dòng)機(jī)——興趣，享受和過(guò)程中的挑戰(zhàn)——是持續(xù)，持久減肥的關(guān)鍵。)”空處承上啟下，下文“Soit’shelpfultochooseadietthatwillbesustainableandeffectiveandbelievethatthediet,startdate,andendgoalshavebeenchosenautonomouslyandnot“assigned”byothers.(因此，選擇一種能夠持續(xù)有效的飲食方式是很有幫助的，并且相信節(jié)食，開(kāi)始的日期和最終目標(biāo)是自主選擇的，而不是由他人“指派”。)”空前講了外在動(dòng)機(jī)和內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)的區(qū)別?？蘸笾v人們要選擇一種持續(xù)有效的方式減肥。所以空處承上啟下，說(shuō)明內(nèi)在動(dòng)力的含義和內(nèi)容。故E選項(xiàng)“內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)包括能力、自主性和關(guān)聯(lián)性”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Oneistowidentheoptionsyouhave:Ifyoudon’thavetimetogotothegym,exercisebygoingforawalk,doingabodyweightcircuit,orwatchingayogavideo.(一個(gè)是擴(kuò)大你的選擇：如果你沒(méi)有時(shí)間去健身房，可以通過(guò)散步，做自重運(yùn)動(dòng)，或看瑜伽視頻來(lái)鍛煉。)”因?yàn)榫渲杏小皁ne”,講了第一種讓自己有動(dòng)力運(yùn)動(dòng)的方式。所以接下來(lái)應(yīng)該講另外一種方式。故G選項(xiàng)“另一種方法是讓鍛煉變得更有趣，比如聽(tīng)磁帶看書(shū)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】下文“Thefirstistosetaspecificsavinggoalforanemergencyfund.Thesecondistosavesomethingeveryday,evenifit’sjustafewdollars.(首先是為應(yīng)急基金設(shè)定一個(gè)具體的儲(chǔ)蓄目標(biāo)。第二是每天都要節(jié)省一些東西，哪怕只是幾塊錢(qián)。)”說(shuō)明了前兩個(gè)步驟，因此空中應(yīng)填總結(jié)性的句子。故D選項(xiàng)“下面的步驟可以幫助培養(yǎng)存錢(qián)的習(xí)慣”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“Third,makingsavingsvisible,whetherbycheckingasavingsaccountonlineorkeepingcashinaglassjar.(第三，讓儲(chǔ)蓄看得見(jiàn)，無(wú)論是通過(guò)在線檢查儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶，還是將現(xiàn)金放在玻璃罐中。)”空處承上啟下，下文“Inadditiontocultivatingasavingattitude,it’simportanttochangeaspendingmindset.(第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
除了培養(yǎng)儲(chǔ)蓄態(tài)度外，改變消費(fèi)心態(tài)也很重要。)”空前講了三種省錢(qián)的方式，空處應(yīng)該講第四種方法。故C選項(xiàng)“最后，堅(jiān)持花得比掙得少”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“Motivationisoneofthedrivingforcesbehindhumanbehavior.Itfuelscompetitionandsparkssocialconnection.Itsabsencecanleadtomentalillnessessuchasdepression.(動(dòng)機(jī)是人類行為背后的驅(qū)動(dòng)力之一。它助長(zhǎng)了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，激發(fā)了社會(huì)聯(lián)系。它的缺失會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神疾病，如抑郁癥。)”下文“It’sthekeyfactorsinsettingandachievingourgoals.(這是制定和實(shí)現(xiàn)我們目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵因素。)”因?yàn)樯舷挛亩荚谟懻摗癿otivation(動(dòng)力)”，所以空處也和動(dòng)力有關(guān)。動(dòng)機(jī)包括對(duì)意義，對(duì)目標(biāo)和有價(jià)值的生活的渴望。這是我們定制實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵。故F選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)機(jī)包括對(duì)意義、目的和生活價(jià)值的渴望”。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mymotherusedtosaythatwhenyourmotherwasreallygoodatsomething,youdidn’tlearntodoit.Whatshesaidwas____21____.Mygrandmotherwasskilledinbakingandcooking,butmymotherwasabarely____22____cookforourfamilyofseven.Wedidn’t____23____;wehadmeat,potatoesandanothervegetableateverymealoutofacan.BakingwasnotMom’s____24____,soonSaturdaymornings,shewould____25____ustothebakeryforfreshcake.Momdidlearntomakethe____26____Dadloved—baconandeggs,spareribs(排骨)and,____27____,potatosalad.Potatosaladwasmymom’smajor____28____toeverysummer,____29____eatingsuchadishonahotJulydaywasn’tagoodidea.Mayonnaise(蛋黃醬)initcouldbedifficultto____30____andyoumighthavetogotothebathroomfrequently.Caseinpoint:thetimemyuncleandauntandtheirsixkids____31____atthelakewithus.The____32____includedburgers,burntorslightlyraw,lotsofpop,andMom’spotatosalad.Wespenthoursatthelake.Unfortunately,sodidthesalad.____33____,IrealizethatpolishingoffMom’spotatosaladmayhavebeenthereasonthatDadfinallybuiltusasecondbathroom,which____34____thateverythingcanhaveabrightside.Mymotherdidn’t____35____inthekitchen,butImisshercookingsomuch.21.A.crazyB.trueC.simpleD.strange22.A.additionalB.efficientC.acceptableD.instant23.A.attendB.refuseC.starveD.escape24.A.strengthB.courseC.challengeD.dream第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
25.A.exposeB.hireC.sendD.compare26.A.clothesB.foodsC.drinksD.tools27.A.hardlyB.immediatelyC.equallyD.particularly28.A.contributionB.adjustmentC.introductionD.reference29.A.sinceB.althoughC.ifD.unless30.A.discoverB.selectC.understandD.digest31.A.foughtB.swamC.restedD.picnicked32.A.priceB.billC.menuD.tour33.A.TurningaroundB.LookingbackC.GoingawayD.Movingon34.A.guaranteesB.claimsC.provesD.assumes35.A.shineB.cookC.singD.stand【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.D31.D32.C33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，作者回憶了媽媽做的菜，指出雖然媽媽并不擅長(zhǎng)廚藝，但作者還是想念她做的菜?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)的話是正確的。A.crazy瘋狂的；B.true真實(shí)的，正確的；C.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；D.strange奇怪的，陌生的。上文“Mymotherusedtosaythatwhenyourmotherwasreallygoodatsomething,youdidn’tlearntodoit.(我媽媽曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，當(dāng)你的媽媽非常擅長(zhǎng)某件事時(shí)，你不會(huì)學(xué)著去做)”和下一句內(nèi)容講祖母很擅長(zhǎng)烘焙和烹飪，但是媽媽不擅長(zhǎng)做飯，所以此處指她說(shuō)的話是正確的。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的祖母擅長(zhǎng)烘焙和烹飪，但對(duì)于我們一家七口來(lái)說(shuō)，媽媽的廚藝差強(qiáng)人意。A.additional額外的；B.efficient效率高的；C.acceptable可接受的；D.instant立刻的。根據(jù)上文“Mygrandmotherwasskilledinbakingandcooking”及轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，祖母很擅長(zhǎng)廚藝，但是媽媽的廚藝幾乎無(wú)法令人接受，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒(méi)有挨餓；我們每頓飯都有肉、土豆和其他蔬菜，都是罐裝。A.attend參加；B.refuse拒絕；C.starve挨餓；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)下文“wehadmeat,potatoesandanothervegetableateverymealoutofacan”可知，我們沒(méi)有挨餓。故選C?！?4題詳解】第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：烘焙不是媽媽的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，所以周六早上，她會(huì)讓我們?nèi)ッ姘曩I(mǎi)新鮮的蛋糕。A.strength優(yōu)勢(shì)；B.course課程；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)下文“shewould____5____ustothebakeryforfreshcake”可知，烘焙不是媽媽的優(yōu)勢(shì)，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.expose暴露；B.hire租用；C.send派遣，打發(fā)；D.compare比較。根據(jù)空后“tothebakeryforfreshcake”可知，媽媽打發(fā)我們?nèi)ッ姘曩I(mǎi)新鮮的蛋糕，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽確實(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了做爸爸愛(ài)吃的食物——熏肉、雞蛋、排骨，尤其是土豆沙拉。A.clothes衣服；B.foods食物；C.drinks飲料；D.tools工具。根據(jù)破折號(hào)后“baconandeggs,spareribs(排骨)and,____7____,potatosalad”可知，媽媽學(xué)習(xí)做爸爸愛(ài)吃的食物，故選B?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.hardly幾乎不；B.immediately立即；C.equally平等地；D.particularly尤其，特別是。根據(jù)下一句“Potatosaladwasmymom’smajor____8____toeverysummer”可知，媽媽尤其會(huì)做土豆沙拉，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：土豆沙拉是我媽媽每年夏天的主要貢獻(xiàn)，盡管在炎熱的7月吃這樣的菜不是一個(gè)好主意。A.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；B.adjustment調(diào)整；C.introduction介紹；D.reference參考。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，媽媽尤其會(huì)做土豆沙拉，所以此處指這道菜是媽媽每年夏天的主要貢獻(xiàn)，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.since自從，因?yàn)?；B.although盡管，雖然；C.if如果；D.unless除非。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示讓步關(guān)系，用although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：里面的蛋黃醬可能很難消化，你可能要經(jīng)常上廁所。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.select選擇；C.understand理解；D.digest消化。根據(jù)下文“youmighthavetogotothebathroomfrequently”可知，土豆沙拉里面的蛋黃醬很難消化，故選D。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：舉個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)睦樱河幸淮挝沂迨?、阿姨和他們的六個(gè)孩子和我們一起在湖邊野餐。A.fought與……作斗爭(zhēng)；B.swam游泳；C.rested休息；D.picnicked去野餐。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及“atthelake”可知，此處指在湖邊野餐，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：菜單上有漢堡，烤的或稍微生的，很多汽水，還有媽媽做的土豆沙拉。A.第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
price價(jià)格；B.bill賬單；C.menu菜單；D.tour旅行。根據(jù)下文“burgers,burntorslightlyraw,lotsofpop,andMom’spotatosalad”可知，此處指菜單上有各種食物，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：回想起來(lái)，我意識(shí)到，可能是把媽媽的土豆沙拉迅速吃光的原因，爸爸終于給我們建了第二間浴室，這證明了任何事情都有好的一面。A.Turningaround轉(zhuǎn)身；B.Lookingback回顧；C.Goingaway走開(kāi)；D.Movingon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及“Irealizethat…”可知，此處指作者回顧過(guò)往意識(shí)到的事，故選B。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.guarantees保證；B.claims聲稱；C.proves證明；D.assumes假設(shè)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，因?yàn)榘褘寢尩耐炼股忱杆俪怨?，所以爸爸終于給我們建了第二間浴室，說(shuō)明這件事證明了任何事情都有好的一面，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的媽媽在廚房里并不出眾，但我非常想念她做的菜。A.shine發(fā)光，出色；B.cook烹飪；C.sing唱歌；D.stand忍受。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容及“butImisshercookingsomuch”可知，此處指雖然媽媽不擅長(zhǎng)廚藝，但是作者還是想念她做的菜。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ItwasDragonBoatDay.Shinywhitetentslinedthewaterfront,_____36_____(provide)shadeandrefreshmentsforDragonBoatpaddlers(槳手)fromalloverCalifornia,_____37_____gatheredaroundtheCastaicLakeforafestivecompetition.Gigglingkidsracedcheerfullyalongthelakesidebeach,_____38_____theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareasunderthetreesalongtheshore.“It’sagreatdayout,”saidPaulLin,co-founderforCastaic’sownDragonEyesteam.DragonboatracinghasbeengoingonforthousandsofyearsinChina,_____39_____(origin)inhonoroftheChinesewaterdragondeity(神)inanefforttocalldownrain_____40_____avoidmisfortuneanddisaster.Intherace,adrummer_____41_____(use)alargetraditionalwoodendrumtokeepthepaddlersonbeat,whileasteersmaninthebackkeepsthemintheirlane.Linsaidafriendgothim_____42_____(involve)indragonboatracingoveradecadeago.In2018,they_____43_____(decide)tohosttheirownfestival.“There’ssomethingreallyspecialtobelearnedfromourdragonboatmotto:OneBoat,OneBeat,”hesaid.“Paddlerscomefromallwalksoflifeandthatkindofclosenesswithpeopleisnowhereelsetobeseen.”第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
“Wereallywanttohelpexpand_____44_____(aware)andgrowthesport,”Linsaid.“We’rehopingonedayit’llbecome______45______Olympicsport.”【答案】36.providing37.who38.with39.originally40.and41.uses42.involved43.decided44.awareness45.an【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的龍舟比賽在美國(guó)加州的卡斯泰克湖舉行的盛況。【36題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：閃亮的白色帳篷排列在湖邊碼頭，為來(lái)自加州各地并在卡斯泰克湖周圍聚集參加節(jié)日比賽的龍舟槳手提供了陰涼和茶點(diǎn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空白處應(yīng)填入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。provide意為“提供”，和它的邏輯主語(yǔ)tents為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)填入現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，故填providing。【37題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子為以paddlers為先行詞的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞paddlers指人,關(guān)系詞在句中做主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。【38題詳解】考查介詞。句意：咯咯笑著的孩子們沿著湖邊的沙灘歡快地奔跑，他們的父母在岸邊樹(shù)下的野餐區(qū)享受著陰涼。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中“__________theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareasunderthetreesalongtheshore”為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故填with?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：賽龍舟在中國(guó)已經(jīng)有數(shù)千年的歷史，最初是為了紀(jì)念水神或龍神，目的是為了求雨并避開(kāi)厄運(yùn)與災(zāi)難。分析句子可知，副詞originally作狀語(yǔ)修飾后面的介詞短語(yǔ)“inhonoroftheChinesewaterdragondeity”，故填originally?！?0題詳解】考查連詞。句意：同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“calldownrain”和“avoidmisfortuneanddisaster”之間是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用并列連詞，故填and。【41題詳解】第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在比賽中，敲鼓手敲響傳統(tǒng)的大木鼓使槳手保持節(jié)奏，同時(shí)后面的舵手保持航向。根據(jù)句意，“在比賽中，敲鼓手敲響傳統(tǒng)的大木鼓”是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，又因?yàn)榫渥拥闹髡Z(yǔ)drummer是單數(shù)第三人稱，故填uses?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Lin說(shuō)，十幾年前一位朋友讓他參加了龍舟比賽。分析句子可知，空白處應(yīng)填入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是前面的him，兩者之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，故填involved?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2018年，他們決定舉辦自己的節(jié)日。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“In2018”可知句子陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的形式，故填decided。【44題詳解】考查名詞。句意：Lin說(shuō)，我們真的希望擴(kuò)大人們對(duì)賽龍舟的認(rèn)知并把這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)揚(yáng)光大。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空白處做動(dòng)詞expand的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用名詞awareness，不可數(shù)，故填awareness?！?5題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我們希望有一天它能成為一項(xiàng)奧運(yùn)會(huì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。分析句子可知，泛指一項(xiàng)奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目應(yīng)使用不定冠詞，且空白處后面的“Olympic”的第一個(gè)音素為元音音素，故填an。第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，中國(guó)農(nóng)歷正月14—16日你市將舉辦元宵節(jié)文化活動(dòng)。你校外教John對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化很感興趣，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封信，邀請(qǐng)他一起參加活動(dòng)，內(nèi)容包括：1.寫(xiě)信的目的；2.活動(dòng)的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；3.活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容和意義。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJohn,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
【答案】DearJohn,Sinceyou’rekeenonChinesetraditionalculture,I’dliketoinviteyoutotheLanternFestivalactivities,whichwilltakeplaceintheCultureSquarefromFebruary14toFebruary16ofChineselunarcalendar.Theactivitiesinvolvesomefascinatingperformanceslikeliondances,stiltwalkingandlandboatrowing.Wecanalsoappreciatevarioushandmadelanternsandguesstheriddlesonthemortasteyuanxiao,atypicalfoodforthefestival.AlltheactivitieswillhelppreserveandpromoteChinesetraditionalcultureandIbelieveitwillbearewardingexperience.Lookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給外教約翰寫(xiě)信，邀請(qǐng)他一起參加元宵節(jié)文化活動(dòng)。【詳解】1.詞匯積累包括：involve→include精彩的：fascinating→wonderful欣賞：appreciate→enjoy保護(hù)：preserve→protect2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Wecanalsoappreciatevarioushandmadelanternsandguesstheriddlesonthemortasteyuanxiao,atypicalfoodforthefestival.拓展句：Wecanalsoappreciatevarioushandmadelanternsandguesstheriddlesonthemortasteyuanxiaowhichisatypicalfoodforthefestival.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Sinceyou’rekeenonChinesetraditionalculture,I’dliketoinviteyoutotheLanternFestivalactivities,whichwilltakeplaceintheCultureSquarefromFebruary14toFebruary16ofChineselunarcalendar.（運(yùn)用了since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）【高分句型2】AlltheactivitieswillhelppreserveandpromoteChinesetraditionalcultureandIbelieveitwillbearewardingexperience.（運(yùn)用了省略that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句）第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenthelastcustomerleftKFC,itwasalready10:30pm.Adam,an18-year-oldcollegestudent,dragged第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
himselfhome.HehadbeenworkingatKFCforoveramonththatsummervacation.Enteringhisroom,AdamfoundhisyoungerbrotherBillsittingontheedgeofhisbedwithanuneasyexpressiononhisface.“Sorry,Adam.I…Ididsomethingwrong,”Billsprangupandsaidnervously.“Whatisit?”“ThisafternoonIsneaked(溜)outforarideonyourmotorcycleandaccidentallyhitourneighborOsmanBrook’scar.IwassoscaredandI…Ihurriedhomeinpanic.”“Isthecarseriouslydamaged?”“Theleftheadlightgotbroken.”“It’strulyyourfaultandit’sreallydangeroustorideamotorcycleatyourage.Besides,it’sillegal,”Adamraisedhisvoice,obviouslyannoyed.Hearingthis,Billloweredhisheadandbithislipshard.“Anyway,it’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Iwilldealwithittomorrow.Nowyougotobedandhaveagoodsleep.”ThenextmorningwhenAdamgotup,Billwasstillsleepingsoundly.Adamwasmoredeterminedaboutwhatheoughttodoasanelderbrother.Afterbreakfast,Adamtookoutallthemoneyhehadearnedandwentoutofthehousewithit.Intheyardhesawhismotorcycle,onwhosesidethescratches(劃痕)wereclearlyvisible.Adamshookhisheadandsighedslightly.ThenhesquaredhisshouldersandquickenedhispacetoOsman’shouse.Whenhearrived,hewaswelcomedbyOsman’swifeMary,whotoldhimthatOsmanhadgonetothegaragetohavehiscarrepaired.“Ihavesomethingimportanttotellhim.CanIwaituntilhecomesback?”Adamrequestedeagerly.“Ofcourse.Heshouldbehomesoon,”MaryinvitedAdamin,servedhimacupofcoffeeandbeganchattingwithhim.Afterhalfanhour,thedooropenedandincameOsman.Havingsaidhellotoeachother,OsmanandAdambothsatdownonthesofa.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Adamclearedhisthroatandbegantospeak.第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Justthen,therecameaknockatthedoor._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionAdamclearedhisthroatandbegantospeak.“Mr.Brook,I’mheretomakeanapology.YesterdayafternoonmybrotherBilldamagedyourcarandranawayinpanic.Weareawfullysorryforthat.”“Oh,Isee.Butit’snobigdeal,”O(jiān)smansmiled.ThenAdamdrewoutthemoneyfromhispocketandsaidtoOsmanwithsincerity,“ThisisallthemoneyIhave.Iwonderifitcanpayforyourloss.”However,Osmaninsistedthatitwasonlyminordamageanddeclinedtotakeit.Justthen,therecameaknockatthedoor.Osmanwenttoanswerit,onlytofindBillstandingoutside.“Morning,Mr.Brook.I…I’vecometosaysorryfor…”Billstammered.ButOsmanlaughedandlethimin.Thetwobrotherswerebothsurprisedandgladtoseeeachother.Osmangavethemathumbs-upandpraisedthemhappily,“Goodboys,Itrulyappreciateyourhonesty.Justforgetaboutmycar.”Whatevertheboyssaid,Osmanwouldn’ttakethemoney.Finally,heacceptedtheirsuggestionthattheymakeituptohimbydoingsomeworkinhisgarden.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，講述了在肯德基打暑假工的亞當(dāng)深夜回家后得知弟弟比爾偷開(kāi)他的摩托車還把鄰居奧斯曼的汽車的左前燈撞壞了，盡管亞當(dāng)很生氣，但是第二天一早帶著打工賺的錢(qián)就去奧斯曼家道歉，他正要掏錢(qián)賠償時(shí)，比爾也來(lái)了，奧斯曼很欣賞兄弟倆的誠(chéng)實(shí)，沒(méi)有收錢(qián)，但是接受了他們?cè)谒一▓@里干點(diǎn)活來(lái)補(bǔ)償他的損失的建議?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫(xiě)：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“亞當(dāng)清了清嗓子，開(kāi)始說(shuō)話?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼?xiě)亞當(dāng)為弟弟的過(guò)錯(cuò)向奧斯曼道歉，并愿意賠償，但是奧斯曼認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必要賠償了。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“正在這時(shí)，傳來(lái)了敲門(mén)聲。”可知，第二段可描寫(xiě)比爾也來(lái)道歉，奧斯曼很欣賞兄弟倆的誠(chéng)實(shí)，堅(jiān)決不收錢(qián)，但是接受了兩人在花園里干點(diǎn)活來(lái)補(bǔ)償他的損失的建議。2.續(xù)寫(xiě)線索：亞當(dāng)?shù)狼覆①r償——奧斯曼拒絕賠償——比爾上門(mén)道歉——奧斯曼欣賞兩人的誠(chéng)實(shí)——奧斯曼拒絕接受賠償?shù)邮軒透蓤@藝活的建議3.詞匯激活行為類第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
①.道歉：makeanapology/apologize/saysorry②.取出：drawout/takeout③.拒絕：decline/refusepolitely情緒類①.非常抱歉：beawfullysorry/feelmostregretful②.驚慌地：inpanic/inalarm【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1].Osmaninsistedthatitwasonlyminordamageanddeclinedtotakeit.（由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）[高分句型2].Osmanwenttoanswerit,onlytofindBillstandingoutside.（由不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表意料之外的結(jié)果）[高分句型3].Whatevertheboyssaid,Osmanwouldn’ttakethemoney.（whatever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
第23頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司
