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1、棉花學(xué)報(bào)CottonScience2016,28(4):345―352脫葉劑對棉花葉片葉綠素?zé)晒鈩恿W(xué)參數(shù)的影響*高麗麗袁李淦袁康正華袁李健偉袁王蜜蜂袁馬云珍袁張巨松淵新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)/教育部棉花工程研究中心袁新疆烏魯木齊830052冤摘要院利用葉綠素?zé)晒鈩恿W(xué)測定技術(shù)袁對脫葉劑的不同噴施時(shí)間條件下棉花葉片光能吸收堯傳遞堯轉(zhuǎn)換特性及棉花產(chǎn)量進(jìn)行了研究遙結(jié)果表明噴施脫葉劑降低了棉花葉片的光合功能袁降低了最大光化學(xué)效率淵Maxi-mumphotochemicalefficiency,v/m冤及PSⅡ反應(yīng)中心開放部分的比例袁使初始熒光淵M
2、inimalfluorescence,o冤上升堯光合電子傳遞速率(Electrontransportrate,)和PSⅡ總的光化學(xué)量子產(chǎn)量(Photosyntheticquantumyield,)降低袁提高了非光化學(xué)猝滅系數(shù)(Non-radiantenergy,)袁說明脫葉劑脅迫下棉花葉片發(fā)生了光抑制袁PSⅡ復(fù)合體受到損傷伴隨著光合電子傳遞受阻遙吐絮率10%時(shí)噴施脫葉劑使棉花鈴重堯衣分堯皮棉產(chǎn)量顯著低于對照遙吐絮率50%時(shí)噴施脫吐隆300g窯hm－2+40%乙烯利1200mL窯hm－2袁第25天棉花脫葉率為90.1%袁吐絮率為9
3、9.87%袁對棉花鈴重堯衣分及皮棉產(chǎn)量影響最小且更有利于促進(jìn)葉片脫落和棉鈴成熟遙關(guān)鍵詞院棉花曰脫葉劑曰葉綠素?zé)晒庠划a(chǎn)量中圖分類號院S562.01文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼院A文章編號院1002-7807淵2016冤04-0345-0810.11963/issn.1002-7807.201604005*GaoLili,LiGan,KangZhenghua,LiJianwei,WangMifeng,MaYunzhen,ZhangJusong(830052,)Toexplorethephysiologicalmechanismofdefoliatin
4、gcottonleavesunderdifferentsprayingtimes,weinvestigatedtheabsorption,transmittance,andtransformationofsolarradiationbycottonleavesusingthechlorophyllfluorescencedetermi-nationmethod.Resultsshowthattheapplieddefoliantreducedcottonleafphotosynthesis,maximumphotochemica
5、lefficiency,photosyntheticelectrontransportrateandphotosyntheticquantumyield,butincreasedminimalfluorescenceanddissipationofnon-radiantenergy,whichindicatesthatcottonleavesmightexperiencesomedegreeofphotosyntheticprotectionunderdefo-liantstress.Comparedwiththidiazuro
6、n,DroppUltra(Bayer,Germany)ismoreeffectiveinacceleratingtheprocessofcottonleafsenescence.Whenadefoliantwasappliedtocottonwhenthebollopeningratereached10%,bollweight,lintpercentage,andlintyieldweresignificantlylowerthanthecontro(sprayingwater)l.Whensprayingtheplantswi
7、thDroppUltra300g窯hm－2+40%ethylene1200mL窯hm－2whenthebollopeningratereached50%,therateofshedleaveswas90.1%andthebollopeningratewas99.87%afteraperiodof25days,whichindicatesthisapplicationhasminimalimpactoncottonbollweight,lintper-centage,andlintyield,andismoreconducivet
8、othepromotionofmaturebollsanddefoliation.cotton;defoliants;chlorophyllfluorescence;yield[7][8]棉花是我國主要經(jīng)濟(jì)作物袁棉花進(jìn)行化學(xué)脫量遙王剛等和姜鴻君認(rèn)為棉花自然吐絮率
