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1、摘要摘要論文分別以壬基酚、壬基酚醛樹(shù)脂、壬基酚胺樹(shù)脂為起始劑合成了一系列起始劑頭-EO兩嵌段及起始劑頭-EO-PO三嵌段聚醚類破乳劑產(chǎn)品，通過(guò)破乳性能測(cè)試得到合適的合成配比。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，以壬基酚為起始劑的破乳劑合適的合成條件為：起始劑頭中壬基酚:PO=1:59，起始劑頭:EO=3:2，起始劑頭:尾PO=2:3；以壬基酚醛樹(shù)脂為起始劑的破乳劑合適的合成條件為：起始劑頭中壬基酚醛樹(shù)脂:PO=1:159，起始劑頭:EO=2:1，起始劑頭:尾PO=1:1；以壬基酚胺樹(shù)脂為起始劑的破乳劑合適的合成條件為：起始劑頭中壬基酚胺樹(shù)脂:PO=1:59，起始劑頭:
2、EO=3:2，起始劑頭:尾PO=2:1。三嵌段破乳劑的脫水率優(yōu)于兩嵌段，以壬基酚胺樹(shù)脂為起始劑的破乳劑產(chǎn)品的脫水率優(yōu)于以壬基酚醛樹(shù)脂為起始劑的產(chǎn)品，而以壬基酚醛樹(shù)脂為起始劑產(chǎn)品的脫水率又優(yōu)于以壬基酚為起始劑的產(chǎn)品。通過(guò)瓶試法篩選出性能較好的六個(gè)產(chǎn)品，選用永一油、坨二油，分別考察了破乳溫度、破乳劑加量、破乳時(shí)間對(duì)破乳效果的影響，結(jié)果表明：永一油和坨二油的合適的破乳溫度分別為55oC、65oC；合適的投加量都為125mg/L；合適的破乳時(shí)間分別為120min、240min。采用紅外光譜法對(duì)性能較好的破乳劑進(jìn)行表征，并測(cè)定了產(chǎn)品的濁點(diǎn)。研究了濁點(diǎn)與起始
3、劑頭、EO含量的關(guān)系，結(jié)果表明，濁點(diǎn)隨著起始劑頭中PO增加而降低，隨著EO含量增加而增大。關(guān)鍵詞：破乳劑，壬基酚，酚醛樹(shù)脂，酚胺樹(shù)脂，破乳性能39AbstractAbstractThecrudeoildemulsifiersofthispaperaresynthesizedwithdifferentinitiators.TheinitiatorsareNonylphenol、Nonylphenolicresin、Nonylphenol-amineresin.TheoptimumconditionsofpreparationforNonylphen
4、oldemulsifierarefoundthatNonylphenol:PO=1:59,initiatorhead:EO=3:2,initiatorhead:endPO=2:3;theoptimumconditionsofpreparationforNonylphenolicresindemulsifierarefoundthatNonylphenol:PO=1:159,initiatorhead:EO=2:1,initiatorhead:endPO=1:1;theoptimumconditionsofpreparationforNonylph
5、enol-amineresindemulsifierarefoundthatNonylphenol:PO=1:59,initiatorhead:EO=3:2,initiatorhead:endPO=2:1.Thedehydrationrateoftriblocksdemulsifiersissuperiortowhichofthedi-blockdemulsifiers.Generally,thedehydrationrateofNonylphenol-amineresindemulsifiersissuperiortoNonylphenolic
6、resindemulsifiers,thedehydrationrateofwhichissuperiortoNonylphenoldemulsifiers.WeselectsixpreferabledemulsifiersbythebottletestingmethodwiththeoilofYongYiandTuoEr.Theeffectsofdemulsificationtemperature,demulsifierdosage,demulsificationtimeonthedemulsificationperformancearestu
7、died.A120minbetterdehydrationrateoftheoilofYongYiisobservedat55oCanddosage1mg/L;A240minbetterdehydrationrateoftheoilofTuoErisobservedat65oCanddosage125mg/L.ThestructuresofpreferabledemulsifiersarecharacterizedbyIR.Wealsomeasurethecloudpointsofallthesedemulsifiers.Theresultssh
8、owthatthecloudpointdecreaseswiththeincreasingofinitiator/headPOandth
