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《chapter 3 A brief history of language teaching》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關內容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫。
1、chapter3Abriefhistoryoflanguageteaching1)TheWesternContext2)TheChineseContext1)TheWesternContext⑴Before16thcentury⑵After16thcentury⑶Fromthe17thcenturytothe19thcentury⑷Bythe19thcentury⑸Towardmid-19thcentury⑹Towardthelate19thcentury(7)Teachingmethodsinthe20thcentury⑴Before16thcentury:拉丁語有較長時
2、間的歷史，并與古典文化密切相關，所以有很高的威望和許多實際用途，被認為是當時文人所應該學習的。在歐洲大部分國家，拉丁語用于教育和政府管理；在國際上，拉丁語用于宗教，政治和商業(yè)?，F在不太清楚當時是如何教拉丁語；但從其使用的眾多場合看，一定是書面語和口語表達同時學習。Latinwastheonlyfocusofstudyinglanguage.Itwasthedominantlanguageofeducation,commerce,religion,andgovernmentinthewesternworld.⑵After16thcentury:拉丁語在各國國內很少使用，代之以
3、各民族的語言。不過，其是文學語言和哲學語言，所以文人繼續(xù)學習拉丁語?，F在，情況不同了：其實際用途幾乎全部消失，在大多數情況下，只有閱讀能力被認為是必要的。French,Italian,andEnglishgainedinimportanceasaresultofpoliticalchangesinEurope.Latinbecamedisplacedasalanguageofspokenandwrittencommunication.⑶Fromthe17thcenturytothe19thcentury:ThelearningofLatinexertedgreatimpac
4、tupontheearlyteachinginwesternworld.Textbook--Abstractgrammarrules--Listsofvocabulary--SentencesfortranslationThepenofmyauntisinthegarden.Greencloudissleepingsoundly.ThestudyofclassicalLatinandtheanalysisofitsgrammarandrhetoricbecamethemodelforforeignlanguagestudy.⑷Bythe19thcenturyGraduall
5、y,theapproachbasedonthestudyofLatinhadbecamethestandardwayofstudyingforeignlanguagesinschools.ItbecameknownastheGrammar-TranslationMethod(GTMethod).⑸Towardmid-19thcenturyGTMethodinteachingandlearningwasgraduallyrejected.法國學者古恩教學法是根據自己觀察小孩如何運用語言來創(chuàng)建的。他主張學生使用外語來描述一系列關聯動作組成的事。GouinseriesStandu
6、p．Gotothedoor．Openthedoor．Gooutoftheroom．Comeintotheroom．Closethedoor．Gobacktoyourplace．Sitdown．⑹Towardthelate19thcenturyIPA(InternationalPhoneticAlphabet)TheemphasisonnaturallangaugelearningprinciplesultimatelyledtothedevelopmentofwhatcametobeknownastheDirectMethod.⑺Teachingmethodsinthe20
7、thcentury:TheAudiolingualMethod（聽說法）---ALMTheOralApproachandtheSituationalLanguageTeaching(口語法和情景教學法）CommunicativeLanguageTeaching(交際法)---CLTTotalPhysicalResponse(全身反應法)---TPRTheSilentWay(沉默法)CommunityLanguageLearning(社團學習法)TheNaturalApproach(自然法)Suggestopedia
