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1、廣東技術師范學院天河學院本科畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯譯文學生姓名陳劍鋒院（系）廣東技術師范學院天河學院專業(yè)班級機械設計制造及其自動化指導教師蔣文明完成日期2011.12.30外文出處：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf_springLeafspringhistoryTherewereavarietyofleafsprings,usuallyemployingtheword"elliptical"."Elliptical"or"fullelliptical"leafspringsreferredtotwoci
2、rculararcslinkedattheirtips.Thiswasjoinedtotheframeatthetopcenteroftheupperarc,thebottomcenterwasjoinedtothe"live"suspensioncomponents,suchasasolidfrontaxle.Additionalsuspensioncomponents,suchastrailingarms,wouldbeneededforthisdesign,butnotfor"semi-elliptical"leafspri
3、ngsasusedintheHotchkissdrive.Thatemployedthelowerarc,henceitsname."Quarter-elliptic"springsoftenhadthethickestpartofthestackofleavesstuckintotherearendofthesidepiecesofashortladderframe,withthefreeendattachedtothedifferential,asintheAustinSevenofthe1920s.Asanexampleof
4、non-ellipticleafsprings,theFordModelThadmultipleleafspringsoveritsdifferentialthatwerecurvedintheshapeofayoke.Asasubstitutefordampers(shockabsorbers),somemanufacturerslaidnon-metallicsheetsinbetweenthemetalleaves,suchaswood.Leafspringswereverycommononautomobiles,right
5、uptothe1970sinEuropeandJapanandlate70'sinAmericawhenthemovetofront-wheeldrive,andmoresophisticatedsuspensiondesignssawautomobilemanufacturersusecoilspringsinstead.Todayleafspringsarestillusedinheavycommercialvehiclessuchasvansandtrucks,SUVs,andrailwaycarriages.Forheav
6、yvehicles,theyhavetheadvantageofspreadingtheloadmorewidelyoverthevehicle'schassis,whereascoilspringstransferittoasinglepoint.Unlikecoilsprings,leafspringsalsolocatetherearaxle,eliminatingtheneedfortrailingarmsandaPanhardrod,therebysavingcostandweightinasimpleliveaxler
7、earsuspension.Amoremodernimplementationistheparabolicleafspring.Thisdesignischaracterisedbyfewerleaveswhosethicknessvariesfromcentretoendsfollowingaparaboliccurve.Inthisdesign,inter-leaffrictionisunwanted,andthereforethereisonlycontactbetweenthespringsattheendsandatth
8、ecentrewheretheaxleisconnected.Spacerspreventcontactatotherpoints.Asidefromaweightsaving,themainadvantageofparabolicspringsi
