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1、NO5-1——byzhtwd來自寄托天下AMarxistsociologisthasargued thatracismstemsfromtheclass strugglethatisuniquetothe⊙ capitalistsystem—thatracialprejudice(5)isgeneratedbycapitalistsasameans ofcontrollingworkers.HisthesisworksTS relativelywellwhenappliedto+ discrimination
2、againstBlacksinthe UnitedStates,buthisdefinitionof﹥﹤(10)racialprejudiceas"racially-based negativeprejudgmentsagainstagroup— generallyacceptedasaraceinany⊙ givenregionofethniccompetition,"can beinterpretedasalsoincluding(15)hostilitytowardsuchethnicgroupsas
3、theChineseinCaliforniaandtheJews inmedievalEurope.However,since﹥﹤ prejudiceagainsttheselatterpeoples wasnotinspiredbycapitalists,hehas(20)toreasonthatsuchantagonismswerenot reallybasedonrace.Hedisposesthusly (albeitunconvincingly)ofboththe intolerancefacedb
4、yJewsbeforethe riseofcapitalismandtheearly(25)twentieth-centurydiscriminationagainst20-c OrientalpeopleinCalifornia,which, inconveniently,wasinstigatedby—workers.文章結(jié)構(gòu)類型:全文論證一個觀點型文章,反駁racismstemsfromtheclassstrugglethatisuniquetothecapitalistsystem.TS：Histhesisw
5、orksrelativelywellwhenappliedtodiscriminationagainstBlacksintheUnitedStates,buthisdefinitionofracialprejudiceas"racially-basednegativeprejudgmentsagainstagroupgenerallyacceptedasaraceinanygivenregionofethniccompetition,"canbeinterpretedasalsoincludinghostilitytow
6、ardsuchethnicgroupsastheChineseinCaliforniaandtheJewsinmedievalEurope.單詞：閱讀專用詞匯：albeit,discrimination,prejudice,prejudgment,hostility積累專業(yè)詞匯：racismNO5-1——byzhtwd來自寄托天下某位馬克思主義社會學(xué)家論辯道，種族主義（racism）緣起于資本主義體制所特有的階級斗爭——亦即是說，種族偏見是由資本家造成的，作為控制工人的一種手段。該社會學(xué)家的命題當(dāng)被應(yīng)用于針對美國黑人的歧
7、視時，相對而言尚能適用，但他對種族偏見所下的定義——即“以種族為基礎(chǔ)的、針對某個群體的消級的先入之見，而該群體在任何特定的種族競爭地區(qū)則被普遍認(rèn)作一種族”——可被理解成同樣也襄括了針對加利福尼亞州的中國人以及中世紀(jì)的猶太人這樣一些種族群體的敵視態(tài)度。然則，既然針對這后兩個民族的偏見并非是由資本家所引發(fā)的，他便必須作這樣的邏輯推理，即這些敵對情緒并非真正是以種族為基礎(chǔ)的。如此看來，他忽略了（盡管無法令人置信地）資本主義興起之前猶太人所面對的那種不寬容，以及二十世紀(jì)早期針對加利福尼亞州的東方人的歧視，而后者則是——不方便地—
8、—由工人所煽動引發(fā)的。17.Thepassagesuppliesinformationthatwouldanswerwhichofthefollowingquestions?(細(xì)節(jié)題)(A)WhataccountsfortheprejudiceagainsttheJewsinmedievalEurope?(可定位到L
