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1、牟宗三先生學術(shù)年譜根據(jù)蔡仁厚先生《牟宗三先生學思年譜》刪減整理?!赌沧谌肪砣?,臺北聯(lián)經(jīng)出版社。l1909年,出生l1927年,19歲考入國立北京大學預科。l1928年,20歲因讀《朱子語類》引發(fā)想像式的直覺的解悟,對抽象義理獨具慧解。當時流行的西方觀念系統(tǒng),如伯格森創(chuàng)化論《牛津哲學詞典》“Bergson,Henri(1859-1941)”條載“Frenchphilosopherandevolutionist.BorninParis,in1900BergsonbecameprofessorattheCollegedeFrance,
2、andheldthepostuntil1921.HisfluentandaccessibleworkswiththeirupliftingspiritualcontentledtomanyhonoursinFrance,andtheNobelprizeforliteraturein1927.Bergson’sphilosophywashostiletomaterialismandmechanism,andwhileembracingevolutionsawitasdrivenbyacreativeforceororiginalimpetu
3、soflife(theelanvital)ratherthantheblindoperationofnaturalselection.His‘dynamism’focusesuponthecontinuousnatureofexperience,andtheartificialnatureofthedivisionsweimposewiththeintellect;theflowoflifebecomestheprimedatumfalsifiedbymechanisticandscientisticphilosophies.Thisfl
4、owisanactive,meltingprocessor‘pure’time,quitedifferentfromtheabstracttimeofnaturalscience.ThisdifferencerecursinBergson’sanalysisofmemory,whichretainsthewholeofthepastinthepresent,withthebrainactingasakindofcensor,selectingonlythoseapprehensionsofthepastthatareusefulforth
5、epresentoccasion.Inananalogousmannerthetheoriesofnaturalscience,whichpurporttobecompletetheoriesofreality,arebetterseenaspartialandlimitedreflectionsofthewaythemindfuctions.InspiteofthesweepofBergson’sphilosophythespiritual,indeedrhapsodic,aspectofhisworkhasnotstoodthetes
6、toftime,nordoesthespiritualinterpretationofevolutionfarewellagainstmoderndevelopments.HisbooksincludedMatiereetmemoire(1896,trs.asMatterandMemory,1911),LeRire:essaisurIasignificationducomique(1900,trs.asLaughter:anEssayontheMeaningoftheComic,1921),andL’Evolutioncreatrice(
7、1907,trs.asCreativeevolution,1911).”、杜里舒生機哲學、杜威實用主義《牛津哲學詞典》“pragmatism”條載“ThephilosophyofmeaningandtruthespeciallyassociatedwithPeirceandJames.Pragmatismisgivenvariousformulationsbybothwriters,butthecoreisthebeliefthatthemeaningofadoctrineisthesameasthepracticaleffectsofa
8、doptingit.Peirceinterpretedatheoreticalsentencesasaconfusedformofthoughtwhosemeaningisonlythatof