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1、牟宗三先生學(xué)術(shù)年譜根據(jù)蔡仁厚先生《牟宗三先生學(xué)思年譜》刪減整理?！赌沧谌肪砣?，臺北聯(lián)經(jīng)出版社。l1909年，出生l1927年，19歲考入國立北京大學(xué)預(yù)科。l1928年，20歲因讀《朱子語類》引發(fā)想像式的直覺的解悟，對抽象義理獨(dú)具慧解。當(dāng)時流行的西方觀念系統(tǒng)，如伯格森創(chuàng)化論《牛津哲學(xué)詞典》“Bergson,Henri(1859-1941)”條載“Frenchphilosopherandevolutionist.BorninParis,in1900BergsonbecameprofessorattheCollegedeFrance,an
2、dheldthepostuntil1921.HisfluentandaccessibleworkswiththeirupliftingspiritualcontentledtomanyhonoursinFrance,andtheNobelprizeforliteraturein1927.Bergson’sphilosophywashostiletomaterialismandmechanism,andwhileembracingevolutionsawitasdrivenbyacreativeforceororiginalimpetusofl
3、ife(theelanvital)ratherthantheblindoperationofnaturalselection.His‘dynamism’focusesuponthecontinuousnatureofexperience,andtheartificialnatureofthedivisionsweimposewiththeintellect;theflowoflifebecomestheprimedatumfalsifiedbymechanisticandscientisticphilosophies.Thisflowisan
4、active,meltingprocessor‘pure’time,quitedifferentfromtheabstracttimeofnaturalscience.ThisdifferencerecursinBergson’sanalysisofmemory,whichretainsthewholeofthepastinthepresent,withthebrainactingasakindofcensor,selectingonlythoseapprehensionsofthepastthatareusefulforthepresent
5、occasion.Inananalogousmannerthetheoriesofnaturalscience,whichpurporttobecompletetheoriesofreality,arebetterseenaspartialandlimitedreflectionsofthewaythemindfuctions.InspiteofthesweepofBergson’sphilosophythespiritual,indeedrhapsodic,aspectofhisworkhasnotstoodthetestoftime,no
6、rdoesthespiritualinterpretationofevolutionfarewellagainstmoderndevelopments.HisbooksincludedMatiereetmemoire(1896,trs.asMatterandMemory,1911),LeRire:essaisurIasignificationducomique(1900,trs.asLaughter:anEssayontheMeaningoftheComic,1921),andL’Evolutioncreatrice(1907,trs.asC
7、reativeevolution,1911).”、杜里舒生機(jī)哲學(xué)、杜威實(shí)用主義《牛津哲學(xué)詞典》“pragmatism”條載“ThephilosophyofmeaningandtruthespeciallyassociatedwithPeirceandJames.Pragmatismisgivenvariousformulationsbybothwriters,butthecoreisthebeliefthatthemeaningofadoctrineisthesameasthepracticaleffectsofadoptingit.Peir
8、ceinterpretedatheoreticalsentencesasaconfusedformofthoughtwhosemeaningisonlythatof
