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1、納什理論（Nashtheory）NashequilibriumtheoryandgametheoryInmodernlife,gametheoryismoreandmorewidelyusedinthefieldsofeconomy,militaryandsoon.Itentersthereallifefromthetempleofmathematics.Gametheoryhasbecomeawiseandrationalpolicymakerwhoknows,studiesandsolvesthesharpweapo
2、nofconflictandcooperationinthemodernmarketeconomy.Itiscalled"Eighteenmilestones"tocommemoratethedevelopmentofhumancivilization".Gametheoryisthedirectinteractionbetweenthedecisionandthedecisionofthemaindecision-makingequilibrium,thatistosay,whenone'schoiceisinflue
3、ncedbytheother'schoices,andinturnaffectthedecisionproblemofothersubjectswhenselectingandequilibriumproblems.Acompletegameshouldincludefiveaspects:first,thegameparticipants,namelythegameintheprocessofindependentdecision-making,theconsequencesofindependentindividua
4、lsandorganizations;second,gameinformation,gamemakershavehelpfulinformationontheselectionstrategy;third,thefullsetofbehaviororstrategygamecanselection;fourth,gameorder,namelythegameparticipantstomakethestrategychoicethepriority;fifth,thegame'sincome,namelythegamem
5、akedecisionsafterthegainsandlosses.Nashequilibriumtheory:anoncooperativegameisplayedbysuchagroupofplayers,eachgameplayerhasasetofstrategiesandbenefitfunctions.Whenthegame'sstrategyisdeterminedbythestrategiesofotherplayers,itmakesthemostofitsbenefits.Nasharguedtha
6、tbargainingbetweenrationalgameplayerseventuallyledtoauniqueoutcome.Bytheaxiomaticmethodandthenoncooperativemodelsolution,Nashprovedtheuniquesolutionproblem.Intheconstantthreat,eachpartymaychoosetoexertmuchpressureontheotherside.Gametheorynowhastodecidewhetherthep
7、layersdisagreewiththethreatoftheproposalanddeterminetheagreementtobereached.Determiningtheaxiomsofthetheoryisequivalenttoassumingthateachplayerhasanoptimalthreatstrategy,thatis,assumethattheproblemhasaconclusion.Thetwoaxiomoftheearthisthatagameplayercannotbenefit
8、byremovingsomeofhistactics.Inthenoncooperativeapproach,Nashassumesthatthegameplayerisfirstloyaltohisownthreat.Eachthreatleadstoa(invariantthreatbargaining)subg
