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1、乙酸乙酯的合成（Synthesisofethylacetate）SynthesisofethylacetateTeachingrequirements:UnderstandingtheprinciplesandmethodsforthepreparationofcarboxylicestersfromalcoholsandcarboxylicacidsMasteringthesynthesisofesters(reversiblereactions)andthecontroloftheirreactionconditionsGrasptheprincipleandmethod
2、ofseparationandpurificationofproductsThebasicoperationsofdistillation,washinganddryingofliquidorganicmatterPreviewcontent:TheuseofadropfunnelandaliquidfunnelDistillationoperationExtractionandwashingUnderstandthepropertiesandapplicationmethodsofconcentratedsulphuricacidParameterssuchasdensit
3、y,meltingpointandboilingpointofethylacetate,aceticacid,ethanolandwaterThree,basicoperationEMBEDPBrushFig.deviceforpreparingethylacetateFour、experimentalprinciple:EthylacetatewaspreparedbyaceticacidandEthanolCatalyzedbyasmallamountofconcentratedsulfuricacid.Mainreaction:EMBEDEquation.3Sideef
4、fects:EMBED,Equation.3(140~150)Inaddition,theconcentratedsulfuricacidcanabsorbthewaterproducedbythereactioninadditiontothecatalyst,whichisbeneficialtotheformationoftheester.Ifthereactiontemperatureistoohigh,itwillleadtosidereactionsandproduceether.Inordertoincreasetheyield,themeasuresofincr
5、easingtheamountofalcohol,evaporatingtheproductesterandwaterandincreasingtheamountofconcentratedsulphuricacidwereadoptedinthisexperiment,sothatthebalancemovedtotheright.Thecharacteristicsofthisreactionare:(1)higherreactiontemperatureandshorterequilibrationtime;(2)simpleoperation;(3)highconve
6、rsionrate.Five,experimentalsteps:Adding95%8mlindry100mlthreeneckedflaskethanolincoldwatercooling,shakingwhileslowlyadding8mlconcentratedsulfuricacid(questions1,2)(question3)zeolite;adding8ml95%inthedroppingfunnelofethanoland8mlaceticacid,shake(question4).Assembletheinstrumentaccordingtotheb
7、ook.Thetipofthedropfunnelandthebulbofthethermometermustbedippedbelowtheliquidlevel,0.5to1cmfromthebottomofthebottle.(think5)Byheatingtheflask(voltage70~80V),whenthethermometershowsthenumberofupto110DEGC,thedroppingfunnelslowlyaddingethanolandaceticacidmi
