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1、Antiinfective & AntiinflammatoryDrugsAntibioticsAntiviralAntifungalAntimalarialAntiseptic&DisinfectantAgentsAntiinflammatory&AntirheumaticAntibiotics DefinitionMedicationsusedtotreatbacterialinfectionsIdeally,beforebeginningantibiotictherapy,thesuspectedareasofinfe
2、ctionshouldbeculturedtoidentifythecausativeorganismandpotentialantibioticsusceptibilitiesAntibioticTherapyEmpirictherapy:treatmentofaninfectionbeforespecificcultureinformationhasbeenreportedorobtainedProphylactictherapy:treatmentwithantibioticstopreventaninfection,
3、asinintra-abdominalsurgeryoraftertraumaAntibioticTherapyTherapeuticresponseDecreaseinspecificsignsandsymptomsofinfectionarenoted(fever,elevatedWBC,redness,inflammation,drainage,pain)SubtherapeuticresponseSignsandsymptomsofinfectiondonotimproveAntibioticTherapySuper
4、infectionAntibioticresistanceHostfactorsGenetichostfactorsG6PDdeficiencySlowacetylationAllergicreactionsAntibioticsClassesSulfonamidesPenicillinsCephalosporinsTetracyclinesAminoglycosidesQuinolonesMacrolidesOtherAntibioticsClassesclindamycin(Cleocin)dapsonelinezoli
5、d(Zyvox)metronidazole(Flagyl)nitrofurantoin(Macrodantin)quinupristinanddalfopristin(Synercid)daptomycin(Cubicin)AntibioticTherapyFourcommonmechanismsofactionInterferencewithcellwallsynthesisInterferencewithproteinsynthesisInterferencewithDNAreplicationActingasameta
6、bolitetodisruptcriticalmetabolicreactionsinsidethebacterialcellActionsofAntibioticsBactericidal:killbacteriaBacteriostatic:inhibitgrowthofsusceptiblebacteria,ratherthankillingthemimmediately;willeventuallyleadtobacterialdeathAntibioticsSulfonamidesOneofthefirstgrou
7、psofantibioticsSulfadiazine(Coptin)SulfamethoxazoleSulfisoxazole(Gantrisin)Usedtotreatotitismedia,UTIs,otherconditionsOftencombinedwithanotherantibioticSulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim(Bactrim)Sulfonamides:MechanismofActionBacteriostaticactionPreventsynthesisoffolicac
8、idrequiredforsynthesisofpurinesandnucleicacidDonotaffecthumancellsorcertainbacteria—theycanusepreformedfolicacidOnlyaffectorganismsthatsynthesize
