高中語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解

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1、定語(yǔ)從句?（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)1．定語(yǔ)從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。2．先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。3．關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。???關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,?which,?who,?whom,?whose,?as等；關(guān)系副詞有when,?where,?why等。???????關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用：A、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；B、代替先行詞；C、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。例如：???The?man?who?is?shaking?hands?with?my?father?is?a?policeman.??該句

2、中，who?is??shaking?hands?with?my?father?是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the?man，?“who”是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞，代替先行詞the?man，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1．who??指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。The?boys?who?are?playing?football?are?from?Class?One.????正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those?who?want?to?go?to?the?museum?must?be?at?the?school?gate?at?7?tomorrow?morning.???想去博物館的人必須在

3、明晨7點(diǎn)到大門口集合。?????Yesterday?I?helped?an?old?man?who?had?lost?his?way.??????昨天我?guī)椭艘晃幻月返睦先恕?????That?is?the?teacher?who?teaches?us?physics.????????那就是教我們物理的老師。2．whom??指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷浴?????Mr?Liu?is?the?person?(?whom?)?you?talked?about?on?the?bus.??????劉先生就是你們?cè)诠财嚿险務(wù)摰哪莻€(gè)人。Li?Ming?is?just?the?boy?(?whom

4、?)?I?want?to?see.??????李明正是我想要見(jiàn)的男孩。???The?professor?(?whom?)?you?are?waiting?for?has?come.??????你正在等的教授已經(jīng)來(lái)了。???The?girl?(?whom?)?the?teacher?often?praises?is?our?monitor.????老師經(jīng)常表?yè)P(yáng)的那個(gè)女孩是我們的班長(zhǎng)。???注意：關(guān)系代詞whom?在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho?來(lái)代替，也可省略。???????The?man?(?whom?/?who?)you?met?just?now?is?my?old?friend.3．Wh

5、ich?指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。Football?is?a?game?which?is?liked?by?most?boys.???足球是大多數(shù)男孩所喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。The?factory?which?makes?computers?is?far?away?from?here.???制造計(jì)算機(jī)的那家公司離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。He?likes?to?read?books?which?are?written?by?foreign?writers.???他喜歡外國(guó)作家寫的書。The?house?which?is?by?the?lake?looks?nice.???湖邊的那幢房子看上去很漂

6、亮。This?is?the?pen?(?which?)?he?bought?yesterday.????????這是他昨天買的鋼筆。The?film?(?which?)?they?went?to?see?last?night?was?not?interesting?at?all.???他們昨晚看的電影一點(diǎn)意思也沒(méi)有。4．That?指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who?或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which.。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。The?number?of?people?that?/?who?come?to?visit?this?city?each?year?reaches?one?mil

7、lion.???每年來(lái)參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)一百萬(wàn)。Where?is?the?man?that?/?whom?I?saw?this?morning????我今天早上看到的那個(gè)人在哪兒？The?person?that?/whom?you?introduced?to?me?is?very?kind.???你介紹給我的那個(gè)人很友好。The?season?that?/?which?comes?after?s