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1、外文翻譯Somequestionsonthecorrosionofsteelinconcrete.Corrosionmechanismandmonitoring,servicelifepredictionandprotectionmethodsABSTRACT：Thissecondpartaddressessomeimportantissuesthatremaincontroversialdespitethevastamountsofworkdevotedtoinvestigatingcorrosioninconcrete-embe
2、ddedsteel.Specifically,thesereferto:1)therelativesignificanceofgalvanicmacrocouplesandcorrosionmicrocellsinreinforcedconcretestructures;2)themechanismbywhichreinforcementscorrodeinanactivestate;3)thebestprotectivemethodsforpreventingorstoppingreinforcementcorrosion;4)t
3、hepossibilityofareliablepredictionoftheservicelifeofareinforcedconcretestructure;and5)thebestcorrosionmeasurementandcontrolmethods.Theresponsesprovidedaresupportedbyexperimentalresults,mostofwhichwereobtainedbytheauthorsthemselves.1.INTRODUCTIONConcrete-embeddedsteelis
4、knowntoremaininapassivestateundernormalconditionsasaresultofthehighlyalkalinepHofconcrete.Thepassivityofreinforcementsensuresunlimiteddurabilityofreinforcedconcrete(1KC)structures.However,therearesomeexceptionalconditionsthatdisruptsteelpassivityandcausereinforcementst
5、obecorrodedinanactivestate.Thishasraisedcontroversialinterpretations,someofwhichwerediscussedinPartIofthisseries[1].ThisPartIIanalysesthoughfarfromexhaustively,other-totheauthorsmindsatleast-equallyinterestingissuesonwhichnogeneralconsensushasbeenreached.2.MATERIALSAND
6、METHODSThereaderisreferredtoPartIforadetaileddescriptionofthematerialsandmethodsusedinthiswork.Mostoftheexperimentalresultsdiscussedhereinwereobtainedwiththesametypesofspecimensandslabs.Galvaniccouplesweredeterminedonspeciallydesignedspecimens,suchasthoseshowninFigs.1a
7、nd2.Near-realconditionsweresimulatedbyusingabeamthatwas160cmlongand7x10cmincross-section.Thebeamwasmadefrom350kgcement/m3,halfofwhichcontainednoadditives,whiletheotherhalfincluded3%CaC12bycementweight[2],(Fig.1).InordertostudytheeffectoftheSanod/Scathoaratioongalvanicm
8、acrocouples,theyweremodelledbysurroundingasmallcarbonsteelanodewithastainlesssteel(AISI304)cathodeandviceversa(Fig.2)
