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1、-微觀經(jīng)濟學(xué)名詞解釋Chapter1businesscycle經(jīng)濟周期fluctuationsineconomicactivity,suchasemploymentandproductioneconomics經(jīng)濟學(xué);經(jīng)濟，國家的經(jīng)濟狀況thestudyofhowsocietymanagesitsscarce缺乏的，罕見的resourcesefficiencyn.功效;效率，效能;實力，能力;[物]性能;thepropertyofsocietygettingthemostitcanfromitsscarceresourcesequalityn.同等，平等;[數(shù)]相等，等
2、式;thepropertyofdistributingeconomicprosperityuniformlyamongthemembersofsocietyexternality[,ekst??'n?l?t?]外部性theuncompensatedimpactofoneperson’sactionsonthewell-beingofabystander旁觀者;局外人;看熱鬧的人incentivesomethingthatinducesapersontoactInflation[?n'fle??(?)n]anincreaseintheoveralllevelofpric
3、esintheeconomymarginalchangessmallincremental增加的adjustmentstoaplanofactionmarketeconomyaneconomythatallocatesresourcesthroughthedecentralized權(quán)力分散;人口疏散;密度分散;decisionsofmanyfirmsandhouseholdsastheyinteractinmarketsforgoodsandservicesmarketfailureasituationinwhichamarketleftonitsownfailsto
4、allocate分配，分派;把…撥給;英[??l?ke?t]resourcesefficientlymarketpowertheabilityofasingleeconomicactor(orsmallgroupofactors)tohaveasubstantialinfluenceonmarketpricesopportunitycostwhatevermustbegivenuptoobtainsomeitemproductivitythequantityofgoodsandservicesproducedfromeachunitoflaborinputproper
5、tyrightstheabilityofanindividualtoownandexercisecontroloverscarceresourcesrationalpeoplepeoplewhosystematicallyandpurposefullydothebesttheycantoachievetheirobjectivesscarcitythelimitednatureofsociety’sresources-Chapter2circular-flowdiagramavisualmodeloftheeconomythatshowshowdollarsflowt
6、hroughmarketsamonghouseholds家庭;家庭，戶andfirmsmacroeconomics[,m?kr??i?k?'n?m?ks;-ek-]thestudyofeconomy-widephenomena,includinginflation,unemployment,andeconomicgrowthmicroeconomics[,ma?kr??i?k?'n?m?ksthestudyofhowhouseholdsandfirmsmakedecisionsandhowtheyinteractinmarketsnormative['n??m?t?v
7、]標準的statementsclaimsthatattempttoprescribe定，規(guī)定;指定，規(guī)定;美[pr??skra?b]howtheworldshouldbepositivestatementsclaimsthatattempttodescribetheworldasitisproductionpossibilitiesfrontier['fr?nt??）agraphthatshowsthecombinationsofoutputthattheeconomycanpossiblyproducegiventheavailablefactor
