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1、(InsidetheSouthGateoftheTempleofHeaven)LadiesandGentlemen:WelcometotheTempleofHeaven.(Afterself-introduction)preservedculturalheritagesofChina.Therearebasicallytwokindsofvisitorswhocomehere:localpensionerswhodoexerciseshereinthemorningandeveningandsightseersbothfromhomeandabroad.Allina
2、ll,thereare12millionvisitorsveryyear.Nowwearegoingtogoalongtheroutethatleadstothealtar.Itwilltakeroughlyonehour.Mindyou,theemperoralsowalkedalongthisroutetopaytributetotheGodofHeaven.(AlongtheSouthernSacredRoadleadingtotheCircularMoundAltar)Thelargestgroupofarchitecturesevertobededicat
3、edtoHeaven,theTempleofHeavenservedasanexclusivealtarforChinesemonarchsduringtheMingandQingdynasties.ItwasdecreedthatrulersofsuccessivedynastieswouldplacealtarsintheirowncapitalstoworshipHeavenandprayforgoodharvest.Butwhy?TheancientChinesebelievedthatHeavenwasthesupremeruleroftheunivers
4、eandthefateofmankind,andthusworshipingritesdedicatedtoHeavencameintobeing.TheHeaventheancientChinesereferredtowasactuallytheUniverse,ornature.Inthosedays,therewerespecificritesofworship.ThiswasespeciallytrueduringtheMingandQingdynastieswhenelaborateceremonieswereheld.TheTempleofHeavenw
5、asbuiltin1420duringthereignofEmperorYongleoftheMingDynasty.Situatedinthesouthernpartofthecity,thisgrandsetofstructurescoversanareaof273hectares.Tobettersymbolizeheavenandearth,thenorthernpartoftheTempleiscircularwhilethesouthernpartissquare.Thewholecompoundisenclosedbytwowalls,asquarew
6、alloutsidearoundone.Theouterareaischaracterizedbysuburbanscenery,whiletheinnerpartisusedforsacrifices.TheinnerenclosureconsistsoftheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvestandtheCircularMoundAltar.(AlongtheImperialPassageleadingfromtheSouthernLatticeStarGateinfrontoftheCircularMoundAltar)TheCircular
7、MoundAltarisenclosedbytwowalls,eachcontainingfourgroupsofSouthernLatticeStarGate,eachinturnconsistingofthreedoors,with24marbledoorsaltogether.Standingonthepassagefacingnorth,youwillnoticethatwitheachpairofdoorsonisnarrowerthantheother.Thisreflectsthefeudalhierarchy:thewiderdoorwasres
