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1、摘要理論預(yù)測和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)納米碳管其有獨(dú)特的機(jī)械、電學(xué)、熱學(xué)等性能。使其可能在電子、生物、材料、化學(xué)等領(lǐng)域獲得廣泛的應(yīng)用。而目前在大量制備高質(zhì)量的納米碳管以及提純凈化工藝中還存在許多問題,阻礙了納米碳管性能與應(yīng)用研究工作的進(jìn)展。因此對(duì)納米碳管制備的研究工作具有非常重要的意義。本文建立了兩套傳統(tǒng)的制備納米碳管的裝置,分別是電弧放電法實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置和CVD法制備納米碳管的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置:并利用這兩種方法進(jìn)行了大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。為了檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)產(chǎn)物的質(zhì)量本文使用了x射線衍射、掃描電鏡分析和透射電鏡分析等手段對(duì)產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了表征分析。結(jié)果表明:CVD法制備納米碳管實(shí)驗(yàn)操作方便,實(shí)
2、驗(yàn)條件易于控制,產(chǎn)量大。但碳管之間相互纏繞不易分離:電弧放電法制備的納米碳管光滑平直,管徑較小而且均勻,分散性好。但產(chǎn)率較低,雜質(zhì)含量高,難于分離提純。提出了一種氣液相結(jié)合的多步高效的提純CVD法制備納米碳管的新工藝方法。樣品的損失率減小到40%甚至20%多,純度達(dá)到95%以上。在強(qiáng)磁場下利用CVD法進(jìn)行了納米碳管制各的研究,并與普通情況下CVD法制備納米進(jìn)行比較,分析結(jié)果表明:強(qiáng)磁場下制備的納米碳管較普通條件下制備的納米碳管產(chǎn)率和純凈度更高,且碳管更細(xì)更長,管徑均勻。關(guān)鍵詞:納米碳管,制備,提純,強(qiáng)磁場AbstractTheoreticprognO
3、s仃catfOnandresearchingworkshowthatthenanotubeshavecharacteristicsinmechanismandelectrologyandcalorificswhichmakeitgreatapplicationinthesefields.Theunsettledproblemsinsynthesizeinghighqualitynanotubesandpurlfyingthenanotubesbafflethereseachingwork.Sostudyingofsynthesizinghighqua
4、iltynanotubesbecomesevenimportant.Apparatusofchemicalvapordeposition(CVD)methodandarcdischargemethodaredesignedandestablishedinthispaper:manyexperimentsarecarriedoutbythesetwomethods.X—ray.ScanElectronMicroscope(SEM)andTransmittingElectronMicroscope(TEM)areusedtoexaminethequali
5、tyoftheexperimentsamples.TheresultcomesoutthatCVDcostslessanditsoutputismorelarge,moreoverit'sreactionconditionscanbeeasilycontrolledandtheproductsbeeasilypurified;butcrystallinityoftheproductsislowerandthenanotubesaretwiningWhilearcdischargemethodisdifficulttocontrolanditsoutp
6、utisless,manykindsofcarbonnanopowderandnoncrystalcarbonexistinitspronducts.whichmakesthepurificationmuchmoredifficult,butthenanotubesareverystraightandhighlycrystallized.Amultistepandefficientpurlfymethodisputforward,whichunitstheadvantagesbothofliquidoxidationmethodandsolidoxi
7、dationmethod.Thelosingpercentreducesto40%evento20%.whilethepurificationreaches95%NanotuesaresynthesizedbyCVDinhighmagneticfieldandcomparedwithlhenanotubesmadeundercommonconditions.Theresultshowsthatthenanotubessynthesizedinhighmagneticfieldaremuchhigherthanthecommononesbothinyi
8、eldandquality;andit'salsomuchlongerandthinnerthattheJa