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1、中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)2007,40(7):1309-1314ScientiaAgriculturaSinica秈稻巨胚種質(zhì)的誘變獲得及遺傳研究11121章清杞，張書(shū)標(biāo)，黃榮華，林光，楊仁崔12（福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)作物遺傳育種研究所，福州350002;福建省閩清縣農(nóng)業(yè)局，閩清350800）摘要：【目的】明確誘發(fā)產(chǎn)生巨胚突變的頻率和巨胚基因的遺傳規(guī)律?！痉椒ā恳?1個(gè)秈稻品種為材料，通60過(guò)Co-γ射線(xiàn)輻射干種子，種植后收獲自然成熟的M2代種子。將種子去殼后肉眼鑒別巨胚突變體（比原胚大至少1倍），計(jì)算水稻巨胚性狀的突變頻率；用通過(guò)輻射誘變獲得的2個(gè)秈稻巨胚品系98-14geB
2、和Mge86與其相應(yīng)原親本雜交配成一套F1、F2和BC1F1材料，調(diào)查種子胚的大小，研究巨胚性狀的遺傳。【結(jié)果】在M1代混收的M2種子中，水稻巨胚突變的出現(xiàn)頻率平均為0.00125%，變幅為0.00029%～0.00285%。本研究以250Gy和350Gy2種劑量分別照射11個(gè)秈稻品系的干種子，在其中9個(gè)品系中獲得巨胚突變體?！窘Y(jié)論】本研究取材的2個(gè)秈稻巨胚突變體均為單隱性基因突變，且均與粳稻巨胚品種1137的巨胚基因等位，無(wú)非等位巨胚基因發(fā)現(xiàn)；胚的大小直接由種子基因型決定，而同為胚發(fā)育提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)的母體基因型及細(xì)胞質(zhì)均無(wú)關(guān)系。關(guān)鍵詞：秈稻；巨胚；輻射誘變；突變
3、率；遺傳分析InducedMutationandGeneticAnalysisofGiantEmbryoinIndicaRice11121ZHANGQing-qi,ZHANGShu-biao,HUANGRong-hua,LINGuang,YANGRen-cui1(InstituteofGeneticsandCropBreeding,FujianAgricultureandForestryUniversity,Fuzhou350002;2AgricultureBureauofMinqingCounty,FujianProvince,Minqing350800)
4、Abstract:【Objective】Theresearchwasmadeinordertodeterminethegiantembryomutationfrequencyandgeneticregularityofgiantembryo(ge)gene.【Method】Theseedsof11IndicaricecultivarsweretreatedbynucleusirradiationandthestrainswithgiantembryograinswereselectedinM2generation.Thegiantembryofrequenc
5、yofmutationinM2wascalculated.TheinheritanceofgiantembryocharactersinIndicaricewasstudiedbyinvestigatingthesizeofembryoofplantsingenerationsofP1,P2,F1,F2andBC1F1,whichweremadebycrossingthegiantembryomutants98-14geBandMge86withtheircorrespondingoriginaltypes98-14BandMinghui86.【Result
6、】Themainresultswereasfollowing:Thegiantembryomutationfrequencyofindicariceaveraged0.00125%atarangeof0.00029%-0.00285%,varyingwithapplieddosageandmutatedmaterials.Atotalof11varietieswereirradiatedandgiantembryomutantswereobtainedinM2populationsof9varieties.【Conclusion】Thetraitofgian
7、tembryoisgeneticallycontrolledbyapairofrecessivegenes.Thesizeofriceembryoisonlycontrolledbythegenotypeofzygote,andnotaffectedbythegenotypesofthefemaleparentplantandthecytoplasm.Hence,itispossibletoidentifygiantembryomutantsdirectlyfromseedsofM2orF2..Populationallelictestsshownthatt
8、hegenesin98-14geBandMge86a
