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1、摘要贛南采茶戲丑角的表演藝術(shù),有著深厚悠久的歷史,起源于江西贛南地區(qū)先民采茶時(shí)自娛自樂的藝術(shù)雛形,生活氣息非常濃厚,有著廣泛的群眾基礎(chǔ),不斷蔓延流傳于江西省各地,在傳承過程中不斷汲取了鄰省其它劇種的有效養(yǎng)分,隨著無數(shù)代丑角藝人對(duì)其表演藝術(shù)的革新、深化、提升,逐漸演化成今天渾身是戲,功夫多樣,兼具包容性和靈活性等諸多特點(diǎn)的表演形式。本文在前人的研究成果上,結(jié)合自身多次的考察,以贛南采茶戲相關(guān)的文史資料為基礎(chǔ),采用多種研究方法,對(duì)贛南采茶戲丑角的形成與發(fā)展進(jìn)行了深入細(xì)致的研究;通過對(duì)唱腔、念白、做舞等方面的
2、詳細(xì)分析,使贛南采茶戲丑角的表現(xiàn)藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)更加脈絡(luò)清晰的呈現(xiàn)出來。贛南采茶戲丑角以歌、舞、戲三者并重為其顯著標(biāo)志,有戲必有歌,有歌必有舞,以歌表戲,以舞表歌。其“舞”特征主要體現(xiàn)在:矮子步、單水袖、扇子花。這些舞蹈的語匯都是藝人們根據(jù)勞動(dòng)人民在上山下山、采茶做茶等勞動(dòng)生活中提煉創(chuàng)造出來的典型動(dòng)作。贛南采茶戲丑角憑借詼諧的語言、婉轉(zhuǎn)甜美的唱腔、清新自然的表演,塑造出性格鮮明、風(fēng)趣可愛的藝術(shù)形象,在載歌載舞中對(duì)丑惡無情諷刺,對(duì)善良贊美歌頌。這種別具一格、自成一體的戲曲行當(dāng)深深吸引和折服著多少代觀眾,活躍于當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
3、及周邊市井鄉(xiāng)村,顯示出旺盛的生命力。本文力圖從丑角“唱、念、做、舞"的表現(xiàn)藝術(shù)上,梳理出一個(gè)層次清晰,結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)内M南采茶戲丑角表演藝術(shù)的內(nèi)在關(guān)系架構(gòu)圖,探尋該行當(dāng)表演藝術(shù)的體系特征,并對(duì)贛南采茶戲丑角的傳承與發(fā)展提供相應(yīng)的理論構(gòu)想。關(guān)鍵詞:贛南采茶戲;丑角;唱腔AbstractThereisalonganddeephistoryabouttheclownroleperformingartsofSouthernJiangxiTea-pickingOpera,whichoriginatedfromtheam
4、usingactivitieswhentheancientresidentspicking—upteainthesouthernareaofChina’SJiangxiProvince.Withverystrongbreathoflifeandbroadmassbasis.thisTea-pickingOperaclownroleperformingartsspreadalloverJiangxiprovince,andthroughwhichtheclownroleperformingartsalso
5、absorbbeneficialnutrientsfromneighboringprovince’Sotherkindsofoperas.Bycountlessclownroleartists’innovation,deepeningandenhancingduringthelonghistory,todaytheTea-pickingOperaclownroleperformingartshavealreadyevolvedintoakindofperformingform矗mofdramaeffec
6、tiveness.witllvariousperformingcharacteristics.a(chǎn)ndwithinclusiveness&flexibility勰well.Basedonthepredecessorsresearch,withmanyofthelocalinvestigationandresearchofrelevantcultural&historicaldata,thispapertriestostudytheformationanddevelopmentofclownroleatth
7、eTea-pickingOperabyallmeans.mughthedetailedanalysisonAria,dialogue&dancingofthisclownrole.thedevelopingtrendandperformingcharacteristicsofthisclownrole’SperformingartsappearmorecleartoUS.SouthernJiangxiTea-pickingOperaclownroleartstaketheequallytreatingo
8、fAria,dancing&playing硒itssalientfeature.ItisalSOtosaythatwherethereisplayingtherewillbeaccompaniedbyAria,andwherethereisAriatherewillappeardancing,eachofthethreeisindispensable.TheDancecharacteristicmainlyreflectsin:dwarfs