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1、外刊時(shí)文--Newfilm:"12YearsASlave"新片上映:《為奴十二年》?Newfilm:"12YearsASlave"??新片上映:《為奴十二年》Jan9th2014/theEconomistEARLYinSteveMcQueen’s“12YearsASlave”,aLouisianaplantation-ownerreturnshomewiththetwoslaveshe’sjustbought,amanandawoman.Waitingontheveranda,hisgenteelwifenoticesthatthewoma
2、niscrying,andaskswhy.“Separatedfromherchildren,”?sighs?thehusband,notunsympathetically.“Can’tbehelped.”在史蒂夫?麥奎因執(zhí)導(dǎo)的電影《為奴十二年》開(kāi)頭,有位路易斯安那的種植園主帶著他剛買的一男一女兩個(gè)黑奴回家。他溫文爾雅的妻子等在陽(yáng)臺(tái)上,看到那個(gè)女奴在哭泣,就問(wèn)為什么?!八秃⒆臃珠_(kāi)了,”做丈夫的嘆了口氣,不無(wú)同情地說(shuō),“沒(méi)辦法?!盩hoselastthreewordsarethekeytoMrMcQueen’s?devastating?fi
3、lm,inthatthey,likesomanyother?sequences,?present?slaveryasthe?norm:long-established,legaland?legitimized?byscripture.Toitsmid-19th-centurycharacters,there’snothingunusualaboutkeepinghumanbeingsasproperty,andnowaythatthe?institution?canbechanged.Inthe?preceding?scene,ajovia
4、lslave-trader(PaulGiamatti)isshowingcustomershiswares.“Thisisanigger?ofconsiderabletalent,”heremarks,butthere’snothinginthewaythelineisspokentosuggestthatanyoneintheshopmightbeshocked.Thetraderseeshisterrified,naked?merchandise?asnodifferentfromanyothercommodity.這三個(gè)字成為麥奎因這
5、部令人震驚的電影的關(guān)鍵詞,像許多鏡頭表現(xiàn)的那樣,人們把奴隸制視為常態(tài):由來(lái)已久、合乎法律、天經(jīng)地義。對(duì)于本片19世紀(jì)中期的角色來(lái)說(shuō),把人作為財(cái)產(chǎn)是很平常的事,沒(méi)有辦法改變這種制度。在前面的場(chǎng)景中,有個(gè)快活的奴隸販子(保羅?吉亞瑪提飾演)向主顧展示他的貨品。他說(shuō),“這是個(gè)很有才華的黑鬼,”可是這里沒(méi)有臺(tái)詞暗示店里的人可能受到驚嚇。在奴隸販子看來(lái),赤裸受驚的黑奴和其他貨色沒(méi)什么不同。Inanotherastonishingscene,thehero,SolomonNorthup(ChiwetelEjiofor,pictured),ishange
6、dfromatreebyanoose.Foranagonizinglylongtime,he?gulpsforair,hisfeetonlyjusttouchingthemuddyground.ButMr.McQueendoesn’tratchetupthe?tension?withdramaticmusicorexploitativeclose-ups.Hesimplyletsthe?ordeal?carryonandon,whileinthebackground,servants?goabouttheirbusiness?andchil
7、drenplay.It’snotuntilthefilmisalmostoverthataCanadianlaborerarticulatesthe?notion?thatslaverymightbewrong.Inthemeantime,evenNorthupacceptsthatit’safactoflife.Hisonlycomplaintisthatitshouldn’tbeafactofhislife.在另一幕驚人的場(chǎng)景中,主人公所羅門(mén)?諾瑟普(切瓦特?埃加福特飾演,如圖)被絞索吊在樹(shù)上。在令人痛苦的漫長(zhǎng)折磨中,他大口喘著粗氣,腳
8、尖剛剛碰到泥濘的地面。但是麥奎因并沒(méi)有用激動(dòng)人心的音樂(lè)或突出的特寫(xiě)鏡頭加劇緊張的氣氛。他只是讓這種殘酷的折磨繼續(xù)下去,在鏡頭的背景中,仆人干著自己的活兒,孩子們嬉戲玩耍。這種情形