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1、詞義猜測ManfredMilinskifromtheMax-PlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryBiologyinGermanyandBettinaRockenbachoftheUniversityofBerlin,theauthorsofanewstudy,foundthatpeopleactbetterwhentheyarebeingwatchedbecausetheyfeeltheywillberewardedforgoodbehavior.Theirreportalsoreferredtootherresearchshowingthatthisrespons
2、eofbehavingwellwhenwatchedissomehowcodedintohumansandpeoplerespondthiswayunconsciously,orwithoutrealizingit.Theunderlinedword“coded”inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.hiddenB.programmedC.forgottenD.learnt【解析】B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面句子peoplerespondthiswayunconsciously,orwithoutrealizingit.可以判斷人們這種表現(xiàn)是本能
3、的，是人天生就有的，由此判斷C選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容接近劃線詞義，意思是“編進(jìn)程序的”，選B。Waybackin1662,JohnEvelyn,abrilliantEnglishmanknownforhisdetaileddiaries,wroteaboutdisastrouseffectsofcoal-burningonthecityofLondon.Init,hedescribedaninfernalsceneofsmog—airfilledwith“ColumnsandCloudsofSmoke”givenoutbysmallindustriesandresidencesthatburnedcoa
4、lforfuel.Theunderlinedword“infernal”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans______.A.imaginaryB.adventurousC.unbelievableD.annoying【解析】D詞義猜測題。結(jié)合上下文可知文中描述了一個(gè)充滿煙霧的世界，讓人覺得如地獄般。imaginary虛構(gòu)的；adventurous愛冒險(xiǎn)的；unbelievable難以置信的；annoying惱人的，討厭的。結(jié)合前文可知是讓人討厭的煙霧景象，故選D。ButPacesaidthattheflyingMycobacteriumposefewthrea
5、tstothehealth.Onlythosewithaweakimmunesystemmightneedtoworry.HetoldtheNewYorkTimesthatthebacteriaarenotasunpleasantasmightbethought.Hesaidthathavingashowerisnomoredangerousthananythingelsewedointhemorning.Theunderlinedword“pose”intheparagraphprobablymeans“______”.A.causeB.avoidC.describeD.promise【
6、解析】A詞義猜測題。cause引起；avoid避免；describe描述；promise許諾。從劃線句后面可知，這些微生物對(duì)健康幾乎不能造成威脅，只有一些免疫力比較弱的人才有擔(dān)心的必要。所以pose相當(dāng)于cause引起，所以選A。ScientistsattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(Caltech)havereportedevidencethatMarswaswarmerandwetterlongagothanitistoday.TheCaltechscientistssaytheyhavedirectlyestablishedthetemperat
7、ureofMarsfourbillionyearsago.Atleast,theyestablishedthesurfacetemperatureonpartoftheplanetatthattime.Theresearcherssayitisthefirstsuchevidencetobediscoveredandpresented.Theunderlinedword“establish”intheparagraphp
