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1、5.22TissueEngineering:BoneJIDawson,JKanczler,AAarvold,JSmith,andROCOreffo,UniversityofSouthamptonMedicalSchool,Southampton,UK?2011ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.5.22.1IntroductionandOverview2765.22.2ClinicalNeed2765.22.3SkeletalStemCells–Identification,Expans
2、ion,andDifferentiation2775.22.3.1SkeletalStemCell2775.22.3.2SkeletalStemCellsforBoneTissueEngineering2785.22.4GrowthFactors2805.22.4.1BoneMorphogeneticProteins2805.22.4.2TransformingGrowthFactor-β2805.22.4.3WntProteins2815.22.4.4LocalGrowthFactors2815.22.4.4
3、.1Insulin-likegrowthfactors2815.22.4.4.2Fibroblastgrowthfactors2815.22.4.4.3Platelet-derivedgrowthfactor2815.22.4.4.4Vascularendothelialgrowthfactor2825.22.5MatricesforBoneRegeneration2825.22.5.1Cell-MatrixInteractionsDuringBoneDevelopmentandRepair2825.22.5.
4、2ScaffoldRequirements2835.22.5.3ExtracellularMatrixRequirements2845.22.6InteractiveRoleofVasculatureinSkeletalRegeneration2855.22.7InvivoModelsofSkeletalRegeneration2865.22.8ClinicalTranslation2875.22.9Summary289Acknowledgments290References290RelevantWebsite
5、290GlossaryosteoinductiveThepropertyofabiological,mechanical,adultstemcellStemcellderivedfromtheearlyembryoorchemicalsignaltoinducetheosteogenicdifferentiation(beyondtheblastocyststage),fetus,andadultbodythatisofacellpopulationandthecorrespondingformationofm
6、ultipotentratherthanpluripotent.bonetissue.Whenusedonascaffoldmaterial,thetermautologousWheredonorandrecipientarethesameimpliestheincorporationofsuchsignalingmechanismsindividual.intothescaffoldmaterial.fetalstemcellStemcelloriginatingfromthefetusthatregener
7、ativemedicineReplacesorregenerateshumanhasthepotentialtomakealimitedrangeofspecializedcelltissueororganstoreviveorestablishnormalfunction.celltypes.self-renewalAdefiningfeatureofastemcellthatmesenchymalstemcells/skeletalstemcellsMultipotentpertainstoitssusta
8、inedabilitytomaintainitsbonemarrow-derivednonhematopoieticstemcellswithpopulationwhilegeneratingapopulationoflineage-thecapacitytogeneratecellsofthestromallineagethatcommittedprogeny.underliebon
