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1、第2l卷第1期2012年2月運籌與管理OPERATIONSRESEARCHANDMANAGEMENTSCIENCEV01.21,No.1Feb.2012雙目標突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急救援前攝性調(diào)度優(yōu)化何正文,賈濤,徐渝(西安交通大學管理學院,陜西西安710049)摘要:本文以救援時間最短化與計劃魯棒性最大化為目標,研究突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急救援前攝性調(diào)度優(yōu)化問題。作者首先對所研究問題進行界定,其中計劃魯棒性定義為各活動開始時間可調(diào)整時差的總和,任務(wù)是在應(yīng)急預(yù)算和救援期限的約束下,確定活動執(zhí)行模式與開始時間以實現(xiàn)上述兩個目標。隨后,構(gòu)建問題的。一1規(guī)劃
2、優(yōu)化模型,鑒于其強NP—hard屬性,設(shè)計禁忌搜索啟發(fā)式算法。最后用一個算例對研究進行說明,得到如下結(jié)論:救援時間隨應(yīng)急預(yù)算的增加而縮短,隨救援期限的放寬而延長;計劃魯棒性隨應(yīng)急預(yù)算的增加或救援期限的放寬而提高;當權(quán)重分配系數(shù)增大時,應(yīng)急救援時閬先保持不變而后縮短,計劃魯棒性則呈減小趨勢。本文研究可為突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急救援的組織與協(xié)調(diào)提供決策支持。關(guān)鍵詞:應(yīng)急管理;前攝性調(diào)度優(yōu)化;優(yōu)化模型;禁忌搜索啟發(fā)式算法;突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急救援中圖分類號:C935;F224.33文章標識碼:A文章編號:1007.3221(2012)01.0124.07
3、ProactiveSchedulingOptimizationofEmergencyRescuewithBi—objectiveHEZheng—wen,JIATao,XUYu(SchoolofManagement,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi’art710049,China)Abstract:Takingmakespanminimizationandrobustnessmaximizationastheobjective,thispaperinvestigatestheproactiveschedulin
4、goptimizationproblemofemergencyrescue.Theauthorsidentifythestudiedproblematfirstwheretherobustnessisdefinedasthesumofallowabletimelagsofactivities,andthetaskistodeterminetheperformingmodeandthestarttimeofactivitiesSOastorealizethetwoobjectivesaforementionedundertheco
5、nstraintofemergencybudgetandrescuedeadline.Thenthe0-1programmingoptimizationmodeloftheprob—lemisconstructedandinviewofitsstrongNP—hardness,atabusearchheuristicalgorithmisdeveloped.Uhi-mately,anexampleisutilizedtoillustratethestudyandthefollowingconclusionisdrawn:Ther
6、escuemakespanshortenswiththeincreaseoftheemergencybudgetandextendswiththedelayoftherescuedeadline;thesched-ulerobustnessascendswiththeincreaseoftheemergencybudgetorthedelayoftherescuedeadline;astheweightdistributioncoefficientclimbs,therescuemakespankeepsunchangedfir
7、standthenshortensandtheschedulerobustnesstendstodescend.Theresearchinthispapercanprovidedecisionsupportsfortheorganiza—tionandcoordinationofemergencyrescue.Keywords:emergencymanagement;proactiveschedulingoptimization;optimizationmodel;tabusearchheuris.ticalgorithm;em
8、ergencyrescueO引言近年來,隨著我國經(jīng)濟的高速增長和社會轉(zhuǎn)型的日益深化,各類自然及社會突發(fā)事件日益頻繁,給人收稿日期:2010.09.17基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目(70971105);陜西省自然科學基金資助項目(2009JM9001);中央