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1、第8卷第7期中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù)Vol.8No.72012年7月JournalofSafetyScienceandTechnologyJuly2012文章編號(hào):1673-193X(2012)-07-0056-05*原油脫除硫化氫技術(shù)新進(jìn)展11233曲生,張大秋,王棠昱,敬季昀,李小剛(1.吉林省安全科學(xué)技術(shù)研究院,長(zhǎng)春130051)(2.中油設(shè)計(jì)西南分公司,成都610017)(3.西南石油大學(xué)油氣藏地質(zhì)及開發(fā)工程國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,成都610500)摘要:原油中的硫化氫不僅會(huì)腐蝕設(shè)備、管道,降低原油品質(zhì),而且會(huì)嚴(yán)重威脅人身安全,因此在原油集輸過程中脫硫是一個(gè)重要的環(huán)節(jié)。與天然氣
2、的脫硫化氫技術(shù)相比,國(guó)內(nèi)的原油脫硫化氫技術(shù)還不夠成熟,所以有必要開展原油脫硫化氫的技術(shù)研究。在廣泛調(diào)研國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了原油物理脫硫技術(shù)、化學(xué)脫硫技術(shù)和生物脫硫技術(shù)的新進(jìn)展,發(fā)現(xiàn)物理法脫硫是主要的脫硫技術(shù),優(yōu)質(zhì)脫硫劑的研發(fā)是化學(xué)脫硫的關(guān)鍵但其效率受多因素影響,微生物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)排斥技術(shù)是很具潛力的生物脫硫技術(shù)。關(guān)鍵詞:原油;硫化氫;脫硫;原油集輸;新進(jìn)展中圖分類號(hào):X937文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:ANewprogressesoftheoildesulphurizationtechnologies11233QUSheng,ZHANGDa-qiu,WANGTang-yu,JINGJi-yu
3、n,LIXiao-gang(1.JilinInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Changchun,130051,China)(2.ChinaPetroleumEngineeringDesignCoLtd,SouthwestCompany,Chengdu610017,China)(3.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasGeologyandExploitation,SouthwestPetroleumUniversity,Chengdu610500,China)Abstract:Theexistenceofhydrogensu
4、lfideincrudeoilwillcausethecorrosionoftheequipmentandpipeline,loweroilqualityandcauseaseriousthreattopersonalsafety.Therefore,itisimportanttoremovehydrogensulfideintheprocessofcrudeoildisposal.Comparedtothegas,theH2Sremovaltechnologiesforcrudeoilhavebeenim-matureathomeandit’snecessarybedev
5、eloped.Basedonsurveyingandstudyingtheliteraturesaboutdesulphuri-zationathomeandabroadwidely,thenewprogressesofoildesulfurizationtechnologiesincludephysicaldesulphur-ization,chemicaldesulphurizationandbiologicaldesulphurizationwereanalyzed.Furthermore,itwasfoundthatthephysicaldesulphurizati
6、onisthemaintechnologyofoildesulphurization,thedevelopmentofpremiumdesulfuri-zersisthekeytochemicaldesulphurizationtechnologyinfluencedbyaseriesofoperationalparametersandtheBio-CompetitiveExclusiontechnologyisafavorablebiologicdesulphurizationmethod.Keywords:crudeoil;hydrogensulfide;desulph
7、urization;crudeoilgatheringandtransportation;newprogresses0引言收稿日期:2012-02-21硫化氫是一種惡臭、劇毒、強(qiáng)腐蝕性的氣體。溶*基金項(xiàng)目:吉林省應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):20100583)解在原油中的硫化氫會(huì)降低原油品質(zhì),嚴(yán)重腐蝕管第7期中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù)·57·道、設(shè)備,威脅人身安全。為防止安全事故的發(fā)生,和氣提氣量對(duì)原油脫硫效率的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)氣提氣量硫化氫在原油中的質(zhì)量濃度一般限定在10-60mg/越大、氣提塔溫度越小可以在增大原油脫硫效率的[1