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1、UNITTENTrojanWarSaga:TheOdysseyTrojanWarSaga:TheOdysseyUnliketheIliad(伊利亞特),inwhichheroeslikeAchilles(阿基里斯),AjaxandHector(赫克托)fightforfameandglory,theOdyssey(奧德賽)depictsaquitedifferentherowhofightsoverhisadversefateforhissimplewishtoreturnhome.Inthislaterepic(史詩)of
2、Homer’s(荷馬),amorepeacefulworldisrevealed,withitscloseatthereunion(重聚)oftheprotagonistandhisfamilyandpeacerestoredunderthegods’command.WomenaredifferentfromthoseintheIliad.Heretheybecomeusefulcompanionsandguideswhoseintelligenceandwillpowerexceedmanyamalefigurethata
3、ppearsduringOdysseus’(奧德修斯)adventure.HomerTrojanWarSaga:TheOdysseyTelemachusThestorybeginswiththenarratorcallingupontheMusetohelphimtellthestoryofOdysseus(奧德修斯).ItisonthetenthyearsinceTroyhasfallentotheGreeks.OnMountOlympus,Zeussummonsacouncilwithallthemajorgodspre
4、sentexceptPoseidon(波塞冬),whoisawayinEthiopia(埃塞俄比亞).ThisisgoodforOdysseus,sincePoseidonistheonlyonethatwouldnotliketoseehimreturnhomesafely.Zeusspeaksofmanwhodeviseshisownmiserybutblamesthegods.HereferstoAegisthus(艾奎司托斯),whokilledAgamemnon(阿伽門農(nóng))andstolehiswife,thoug
5、hthegodswarnedhimthatAgamemnon’sson,Orestes(俄瑞斯忒斯),wouldsomedayrevenge—whichhejustlydid.Athenaspeaksonbehalfof(為了)Odysseus,whohasforsevenyearsstayedinthelandofthenymph(女神)Calypso(卡利普索)longingforhome.ShepleadswithZeustofreeOdysseus.Heagrees,andsendsHermestoCalypsoto
6、askhertofreeOdysseus.TrojanWarSaga:TheOdysseyTelemachus(忒勒瑪科斯)Athena(雅典娜),disguisedasMentor(門特),kingofTaphian(塔菲)andanoldfriendofOdysseus,travelstoIthaca(伊薩卡到),nowoverrun(泛濫)withsuitors(請愿者)intentonmarryingOdysseus’wife,Penelope(佩內(nèi)洛普).ThecunningPenelopehasbeendecei
7、vingthesuitorsforyears.Shepromisedtomarryaftershewoveashroud(壽衣)forherdeadhusband’sfather,Laertes(拉厄耳忒斯),buthasbeenunwoven(拆開)eachday’sworkatnightforthreeyears.Nowhertrickisdiscoveredandshehastofinishtheshroud.Odysseus’son,Telemachus(忒勒馬科斯),unhappyamongthesuitors,w
8、elcomesAthena,whoadvisestheyoungprincetoseeknewsfromNestor(內(nèi)斯特)inPylus(皮洛斯).TogetherwithMentor(Athena),Telemachus(忒勒馬科斯)secretlygetshiscrewandsai