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1、反滲透（RO）培訓(xùn)2013年3月北京碧化科技有限公司簡介：膜/反滲透及其應(yīng)用AnINTRODUCTIONTOMEMEBRANE/REVERSEOSMOSIS &ITSBESTPRACTICE（交叉流/膜）過濾方法CrossFlowFiltrationMethods微過濾Microfiltration超濾Ultrafiltration超微過濾Nanofiltration反滲透ReverseOsmosis范圍宏分子Macromolecular分子Molecular次分子Submolecular離子Ionic顆粒大小Particlesize1.0-0.
2、1mm0.1-0.01mm0.01-0.001mm<0.001mm去除Removes固體懸浮物,大的膠體,細菌Bacteria蛋白質(zhì)Proteins,膠體Colloids,有機物Organics熱原(質(zhì))Pyrogens,二價離子Divalentions濾過性微生物Virus小的有機物,金屬Metals,鹽alts分子量MolecularWeight>100,00010,000-100,000200-20,000<300操作壓OperatingPressure10psig10-100psig200-250psig200-800psigPretre
3、atmentNeeds預(yù)處理需要LowMediumHighHigh投資成本CapitalCostLowMediumHighHigh膜構(gòu)造MembraneConfigurations螺旋口SpiralWound中空纖維HollowFiber管狀Tubular膜系統(tǒng)MembraneSystem反滲透ReverseOsmosisP1WaterStrongSolutionH2OH2OH2O滲透過程/工藝WaterStrongSolutionH2OH2OH2O反滲透過程/工藝P2術(shù)語表GlossaryofTermsConcentrateorreject濃縮
4、或損失/未滲透Permeateorproduct滲透或產(chǎn)物Percentrecovery回收率Percentsaltrejection鹽損率/抗鹽率反滲透基理進水FEEDWATER100gpm600ppmTDS滲透PERMEATE75gpm30ppmTDS5%鹽通過SaltPassage75%回收Recovery未滲透REJECT95%鹽損SaltRejection25gpm2310ppmTDS25%Reject兩步驟RO系統(tǒng)Two-StageROSystem元件ELEMENTS進水FEED滲透PERMEATE高壓泵HIGHPRESSUREPUM
5、PTRAIN#1TRAIN#2容器VESSEL2:1排列ARRAY進水FEEDREJECTREJECT滲透PERMEATE第一步1stSTAGE第二步2ndSTAGEREJECTRO設(shè)備TypicalROMachine膜對比MembraneComparisons醋酸纖維素Celluloseacetate薄膜合成ThinfilmcompositePH范圍TypicalpHrange5.0-6.52.0-11.0平均未滲透率Average%rejection95%99%微生物病體MicrobiosusceptibilityYesNo溫度限制Tempe
6、raturelimit35°C45°C氯承受力ChlorinetoleranceExcellentPoor操作壓Typicaloperatingpressure400psig200psig離子通過TypicalPassageofIons*TFCelementratedfora95%NaClrejectionRO的優(yōu)勢WhatAretheAdvantagesofRO?去除非離子雜質(zhì)和溶解的固體（如：有機物，無水硅酸，細菌）Removesnonionicimpuritiesanddissolvedsolids(i.e.organics,silica,
7、bacteria)減少了危險的化學(xué)品存儲和與離子交換相關(guān)的操Reductionofhazardouschemicalstorageandhandlingassociatedwithionexchange減少了離子交換系統(tǒng)的裝載Reducesloadingonionexchangesystems:延長運行周期Extendsrunlengths延長樹脂壽命Extendsresinlife降低操作成本ReducesoperatingcostsRO的劣勢WhatAretheDisadvantagesofRO?25%的進水未被滲透25%offeedstre
8、amisrejected滲透的5%TDS對HP鍋爐不足5%TDSinpermeateinadequateforHPboilers最終過濾
