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1、CollegeEnglishReadingCourseBookIVUnitOneReadingSkills:IdentifyingTransitionsBetweenIdeasFourbasiccategoriesofformaltransitionaldevices1.Usingtransitionalexpressions2.Repeatingkeywordsandphrases3.Usingpronounreferences4.Usingparallelforms1.Usingtransitionalexpressio
2、nsTheseexpression,alsoknownassignalwords,provideanaidforthereadertopredictthethreadofthoughtinthematerialtoberead.Byusingsignalwordstopredictwhatmaycomenext,thereadercandecidewhetherheshouldspeeduphisreading,slowdownorpausetomakesurewhatisbeingreadisunderstood.Five
3、groupsofsignalwords:1)WordsthatsignalmoreofthesameWhenyouseeawordfromthisgroup,youcancontinuereadingrapidlywithoutworryingaboutacompletelynewideaorthoughtcoming.andfurthermoremorethanthatalsolikewisemoreoverinadditionwhatismoreforinstanceforexample2)Wordsthatchange
4、thedirectionofthoughtWhenyouseeawordfromthisgroup,youneedtoslowdown.Theauthorissignalingthatachangeisabouttobemade.althoughhoweveronthecontrarybutotherwiseinspiteofdespiteyetnevertheless3.WordsthatsignalanorderThesewordshelpyoukeepideas,pointsorstepsseparatedandord
5、ered.firstsecondthirdandsoonthenafterbeforenextlastfinallyafterward4.Wordsthatsignalasummaryasaresultfinallythereforeaccordinglyinshortthusconsequentlyinconclusionsoinbriefinawordasresultforthusbecauseforthisreasonsothereforeconsequentlyassince5.Wordsthatsignalcaus
6、eandeffect2.Repeatingkeywordsandphrases&3.UsingpronounreferencesWritersmayusedifferentwordsorexpressionstorefertothesamethingseveraltimes.Forinstance,itiscommontousepronounstoreplacenouns.Anothercommonpatternistheuseofonenountotaketheplaceofanothernoun.Therefore,it
7、isimportantforyoutofindthecommonreferent(被替代的詞)whereversuchwordchainsturnupinyourreading.Thatistosay,neverlosethethread.Onlyinsodoingcanyoureadaccuratelyandefficiently.Text1.StormChasersFacethePowerfulForcesofNatureI.InformationRelatedtotheText1.thetornadoAtornadoi
8、savortexofairrisingintoacloud.Intheirearlyandmaturestages,allthunderstormsarecharacterizedbyrisingair,calledupdrafts.Theseupdraftssupplythewarm,h
