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1、高考閱讀理解詞義、 句義猜測(cè)題應(yīng)試技巧油墩街中學(xué):高向高考閱讀理解中，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一定量的生詞，并且每年總有二至四題直接考查詞義、句義猜測(cè)。這充分體現(xiàn)了《教學(xué)大綱》和《考試說明》的要求，意在考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞短語含義的能力，突出考查語境的分析和把握能力。猜詞能力不僅涉及到學(xué)生的語言知識(shí)水平，還涉及到學(xué)生的語言應(yīng)用能力和綜合素質(zhì)水平。在閱讀理解中，猜測(cè)詞義、句義題的特點(diǎn)是對(duì)生詞、短語、指示代詞和句子的猜測(cè)。一、常用設(shè)問形式：1.Theunderlinedword"..."refersto(means)____.2
2、.Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword"..."?3.Whatisthemeaningof"..."asthewordsareusedinthetext?4.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto...(paragraph...)?二、應(yīng)試技巧1.同義法：通常在詞或短語之間有并列連詞and或or，這些詞或短語在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or連接的兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進(jìn)的,由此確定同等關(guān)系中的某個(gè)生詞所屬
3、的義域，甚至推知它的大致詞義。標(biāo)志性的詞有:or,and,similarMillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonUSroads,theFederalHighwayadministrationreports.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcatexistintheUStoday.Themainreason?Ocelots:野貓Quietly,thegrayingofAmericahasmadeusaverydifferentsociety----
4、oneinwhichpeoplehaveadifferentideasofwhatkindsofbehaviorissuitableatvariousages.Theunderlinedword“one”refersto______asocietyB.AmericaC.aplaceD.PopulationNotes:graying灰白behavior行為⊙Noteveryhistoricmansion,church,battlesitetheatreandotherpublichallscanbepreserved樓
5、房Weshould,therefore,learntochooseourwordscarefullyandusethemaccurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsillyandvulgar.粗俗,庸俗Thebookcontainedalargenumbercluestohelpreadersfindthehare,butWilliamsputinalotof“redherrings”,orfalseclues,tomisleadthem.錯(cuò)誤的線索Fermat'sLastTheorem(定
6、理).FirstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFermatintheseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistwhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodressLikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheE
7、colePolytechnique. ★.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword"baffle"asitisusedinthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletoraisequestions.B.Tocausedifficultyinunderstanding.C.Toprovideapersonwithanexplanation.D.Tolimitpeople'simagination.⊙使困惑,難以理解2.反義法：利用反義詞說明生詞的意
8、義。如反義詞hotandcold,giveandreceive,perfectandimperfect,甚至前、后句為肯定與否定、或是與不是等，在句內(nèi)詞與詞之間，在段內(nèi)句與句之間的關(guān)系上起著互為線索的作用。標(biāo)志性的詞有:unlike,although,but,yet,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,foro
