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1、廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)2014年第17期29不同草菇菌株的生物學(xué)特性比較林鋒l,2,高永艷,趙妍,顏素雅,陳明杰,(1.上海海洋大學(xué)食品學(xué)院,上海201306;2.國家食用菌工程技術(shù)研究中心/農(nóng)業(yè)部南方應(yīng)用真菌資源與利用重點(diǎn)開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室/上海市農(nóng)業(yè)遺傳育種重點(diǎn)開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室/上海市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院食用菌研究所,上海201403)摘要:草菇是一種原產(chǎn)自我國熱帶與亞熱帶地區(qū)的腐生性食用真菌。對(duì)17個(gè)不同來源的草菇(Vo2variell。volvacea)菌株的原基出現(xiàn)時(shí)間、大量采收時(shí)間、菌膜厚度及生物轉(zhuǎn)化率等生物學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了比較。結(jié)果表明:原基出現(xiàn)時(shí)間、大量采收時(shí)間與生物轉(zhuǎn)化率
2、無直接的相關(guān)性;但原基出現(xiàn)時(shí)間、大量采收時(shí)間越短,生物轉(zhuǎn)化率相對(duì)較高:菌膜厚度越厚,越不容易開傘,菌株VV007的菌膜厚度最薄、為0.52mm,最容易開傘;各菌株間的生物轉(zhuǎn)化率差異顯著,其中VV001的生物轉(zhuǎn)化率最高,達(dá)21.73%。關(guān)鍵詞:草菇;生物轉(zhuǎn)化率;生物學(xué)特性中圖分類號(hào):$567.3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1004—874X(2014)17—0029—04ComparisonoOfIbDiolog~ica’lc’haracteri‘sti‘csoidiferentVolvariellavolvaceastrainsLINFeng,GAOYon
3、g—yan,ZHAOYan,YANSu-ya2,CHENMing-jie。(1.CollegeofFoodScience&Technology,ShanghaiOceanUniversity,Shanghai201306,China;2.NationalEngineeringResearchCenterofEdibleFungi~KeyLaboratoryofAppliedMycologicalResourcesandUtilization(South),MinistryofAgriculture/ShanghaiKeyLaboratoryofAgri
4、culturalGeneticsandBreeding/InstituteofEdible凡,ShanghaiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Shanghai201403,China)Abstract:Volvariellayolvaceaisasaprophyticediblefungus,whichisfirstfoundintropicalandsubtropicalareasinChina.Thisstudyfocusedonthecomparisonofbiologicalcharacteristicsof17st
5、rainsofV.volvaceafromdifferentsources,thebiologicalcharacteristicsincludeddaysofprimordiumforming,daysoffruitbodyharvest,biofilmthicknessandbiologicaleficiency.Theresultsshowedthatdaysofprimordiumforminganddaysoffruitbodyharvesthadnocorrelationswithbiologicaleficiency.However,th
6、estrainswithlesstimeofprimordiumformingandfruitbodyharvestwouldgethighbiologicaleficiency.Thethickerthebiofilm,theharderthefruitbodyopenedup.ThestrainVV007gotthethinnestbiofilmwith0.52mm.ThebiologicalefficienciesamongV.yolvaceastrainsweresignificantlydifferentandstrainVVO01gotth
7、ehighestbiologicaleficiencywith21.73%.Keywords:Volvariellavolvacea;biologicalefficiency;biologicalcharacteristics草菇[Volvariellavolvacea(Bul1.ex.Fr.)Sing]又名稻我國草菇的主要產(chǎn)區(qū)[21。草菇不僅味道鮮美[31,營養(yǎng)價(jià)值草菇、苞腳菇、中國菇,在分類學(xué)上屬真菌門(Eumycetes)、也很高,富含人體必需的8種氨基酸、維生素C及纖維擔(dān)子菌綱(Basidiomycetes)、傘菌目(Agaricales)、光
8、柄菇素『4j,并且其維生素C含量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過大部分蔬菜與水科(Pluteaceae)、小苞腳菇屬(