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1、CollegeEnglishWriting《大學(xué)英語寫作》Lecture1HowtoUseWordsHowtoWriteWell1.Readmoreandreadwell(多讀善讀)讀書破萬卷,下筆如有神熟讀唐詩三百首,不會寫詩也會吟開卷有益ReadingisalwaysprofitableSomebookstobetasted,otherstobeswallowedandsomefewtobechewedanddigested…(有些書可以一嘗,有些書可以吞下,有不多的幾部書則應(yīng)當(dāng)咀嚼消化,…..對于少數(shù)好書,則要精讀、細(xì)讀、反復(fù)地讀。)閱讀時(shí)要注意下面四點(diǎn):1)語篇結(jié)構(gòu)2)句
2、法結(jié)構(gòu)3)詞匯慣用法和固定搭配4)英漢兩種語言在表達(dá)方面的異同2.Practicemoreandwritemore(勤寫多練)Writingisalwaysprofitable.各種形式的寫作實(shí)踐:寫英文日記diary、書信letters、做漢譯英練習(xí)translation、寫文章摘要abstracts、寫讀后感、縮寫短篇名著、寫各種命題作文compositions、寫觀后感等等。多讀胸中有本,勤寫筆下生花3.LearnandMasterwritingskills(掌握寫作技巧)一般的英語寫作可分為兩大階段:寫前準(zhǔn)備階段(prewriting)寫作和修改階段(Writingandr
3、ewriting)寫作的過程1)審題:審清寫作的文體、主題、題目要求的對象和范圍、寫作的側(cè)重點(diǎn)等。2)擬寫提綱:理清思路,規(guī)劃文章的框架結(jié)構(gòu),勾畫文章的輪廓;主次分明,脈絡(luò)清楚。3)提筆成文:開個(gè)好頭、自然行文、準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)、句式多樣、自然結(jié)尾。J.Austin:PrideandPrejudiceItisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.(一個(gè)舉世公認(rèn)的真理….)4)復(fù)讀與修改:斟酌句式文法,用詞準(zhǔn)確,表達(dá)完整;文稿格式,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的正確使用,大
4、小寫,字體書法等。HowtoUseWordsHowtoUseWordsI.WordFormation:1.Conversion(轉(zhuǎn)化):Nothingdriessoonerthanatear.什么也沒有眼淚干得快。Onlythuscanwebetterthelifeofthepeople.2.Compounding(合成):Whattheyneedisadown-to-earthspirit.Shesentmeaforget-me–never.3.Derivation(派生):詞根(Base)+后綴(Suffixes):globe,global,globalize,globaliz
5、ation詞根(Base)+前綴(Prefixes):like:dislike,unlike;write:pre-write,rewrite4.Clipping(截短法)或Shortening(縮短法):1)截頭:telephone—phoneaeroplane—planebicycle—cycle2)去尾:advertisement—admathematics—mathsexamination—exam5.Blends(混合詞):newsbroadcast—newscast新聞廣播televisionbroadcast—telecast電視播送6.Acronym(首字母縮略詞):
6、WTO—WorldTradeOrganizationUNESCO;OPEC;NBA不及物動詞匯+介詞:dependon,relyon,insiston,concentrateon,focusonbelievein,persistin,participatein,succeedin,specializeinaccountfor說明,compensatefor補(bǔ)償,apologizefor,payforconsistof,approveof,dreamof,informof,remindofescapefrom,sufferfrom,benefitfrom,refrainfrom抑制,
7、aimat,laughat,stareat,gazeatobjectto,referto,confessto承認(rèn),reactto,動詞+doing:abandon,admit,advocate倡導(dǎo),anticipate期望,預(yù)料,appreciate感激,欣賞,avoid,bebusydoing,can’tfacedoing不能面對,can’thelpdoing不禁,can’tstanddoing不能忍受,celebratedoing,2.介詞短語:becauseof