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1、英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習1.主語（subject）：句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast（名詞）Helikesdancing.（代詞）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.（動名詞）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主語從句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主語，主語從句是真正主語）謂語（predicate）：是對主語加以陳述，表示主語的行為或狀態(tài)，常
2、用動詞或者動詞詞組擔任，放在主語的后面。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.(二).選出句中謂語的中心詞①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.me
3、etingC.thelibraryD.afternoon3.賓語：1）動賓表示行為的對象，常由名詞或者代詞擔任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之后。如：IlikeChina.（名詞）Hehatesyou.（代詞）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數(shù)詞）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（動名詞）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（賓語從句）2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）雙賓語--
4、---間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney(四)劃出下列句中的賓語①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語①Pl
5、easetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?5.賓補：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名詞）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名詞）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容詞）Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)Pleasemakeyourselfath
6、ome.（介詞短語）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（帶to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（現(xiàn)在分詞）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（過去分詞）(五)劃出下列句中的賓語補足語①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④The
7、ycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.⑥D(zhuǎn)idyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?3.表語（predicative）：系動詞之后的成分，表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.（名詞）Fiveandfiveisten.（數(shù)詞）Heisasleep.（形容詞）Hisfatherisin.（副詞）Thepic
