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1、癬梢醫(yī)襞蕪劭?jī)x眨氖剎焙饋奔玄Introductiontoroboticstechnology灼瓦噴璀揲跏喈槨盍初噸脂謾孢Inthemanufacturingfield,robotdevelopmenthasfocusedonengineeringroboticarmsthatperformmanufacturingprocesses.Inthespaceindustry,roboticsfocusesonhighlyspecialized,one-of-kindplanetaryrovers.Unlikeahighlyautomatedmanufacturingpl
2、ant,aplanetaryroveroperatingonthedarksideofthemoon--withoutradiocommunication--mightrunintounexpectedsituations.Ataminimum,aplanetaryrovermusthavesomesourceofsensoryinput,somewayofinterpretingthatinput,andawayofmodifyingitsactionstorespondtoachangingworld.Furthermore,theneedtosenseanda
3、dapttoapartiallyunknownenvironmentrequiresintelligence(inotherwords,artificialintelligence).鞫甚凈浞懷蠡佞寰癡嚆外朕譚綸Mechanicalplatforms--thehardwarebase橇匡釣倫別蓓憔鱷歡囫織填挎創(chuàng)Arobotconsistsoftwomainparts:therobotbodyandsomeformofartificialintelligence(AI)system.Manydifferentbodypartscanbecalledarobot.Art
4、iculatedarmsareusedinweldingandpainting;gantryandconveyorsystemsmovepartsinfactories;andgiantroboticmachinesmoveearthdeepinsidemines.Oneofthemostinterestingaspectsofrobotsingeneralistheirbehavior,whichrequiresaformofintelligence.Thesimplestbehaviorofarobotislocomotion.Typically,wheelsa
5、reusedastheunderlyingmechanismtomakearobotmovefromonepointtothenext.Andsomeforcesuchaselectricityisrequiredtomakethewheelsturnundercommand.尋洇藉身屠陲徹蜱儲(chǔ)乍堤菏頒弩Motors簋贅罱桉搌殳憲荬酉搜鴣佃灣錮Avarietyofelectricmotorsprovidepowertorobots,allowingthemtomovematerial,parts,tools,orspecializeddeviceswithvario
6、usprogrammedmotions.Theefficiencyratingofamotordescribeshowmuchoftheelectricityconsumedisconvertedtomechanicalenergy.Let'stakealookatsomeofthemechanicaldevicesthatarecurrentlybeingusedinmodernroboticstechnology.樟蝻證淥諛跛喂槎呔蚊牙耔和巴Drivingmechanisms登杠轱壞辮窄好濯舴甏行勘摻漢Gearsandchains:Gearsandchainsa
7、remechanicalplatformsthatprovideastrongandaccuratewaytotransmitrotarymotionfromoneplacetoanother,possiblychangingitalongtheway.Thespeedchangebetweentwogearsdependsuponthenumberofteethoneachgear.Whenapoweredgeargoesthroughafullrotation,itpullsthechainbythenumberofteethonthatgear.箕她膺每礙
