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1、4ProjectlifecyclesMost,ifnotall,projectsgothroughalifecyclewhichvarieswiththesizeandcomplexityoftheproject.OnmediumtolargeprojectsthelifecyclewillgenerallyfollowthepatternwhichhasbeensetoutinBS6079.Thisis:1ConceptBasicideas,businesscase,statementofrequirements,scope;2Feasi
2、bilityTestsfortechnical,commer-cialandfinancialviability,technicalstudies,invest-mentappraisal,DCFetc.;3EvaluationApplicationforfunds,stat-ingrisks,options,TCQcri-teria;4AuthorizationApprovals,permits,condi-tions,projectstrategy;5ImplementationDevelopmentdesign,pro-curemen
3、t,fabrication,installation,commissioning;6CompletionPerformancetests,hand-overtoclient,postprojectappraisal;7OperationRevenueearningperiod,production,maintenance;8TerminationClose-down,decommission-ing,disposal.ProjectlifecyclesItems7and8arenotusuallyincludedinaprojectlife
4、cyclewheretheprojectendswiththeissueofanacceptancecertificateaftertheperformancetestshavebeensuccessfullycompleted.Wherethesetwophasesareincluded,as,forexample,withdefenceprojects,theterm‘extendedprojectlifecycle’isoftenused.TheprojectlifecycleofanITprojectmaybeslightlydif
5、ferentasthefollowinglistshows:1FeasibilityDefinition,costbenefits,acceptancecriteria,timeandcostestimates;2EvaluationDefinitionsofrequirements,performancecriteria,processes;3FunctionFunctionalandoperationalrequirements,interfaces,systemdesign;4AuthorizationApprovals,permit
6、s,firmingupprocedures;5DesignandbuildDetaildesign,systemintegration,screenbuilding,documentation;6ImplementationIntegrationandacceptancetesting,installation,training;7OperationDataloading,supportset-up,hand-over.Runningthroughtheperiodofthelifecyclearecontrolsystemsanddeci
7、sionstagesatwhichthepositionoftheprojectisreviewed.Theinterfacesofthephasesofthelifecycleformconvenientmilestonesforprogresspaymentsandreportingprogresstotopmanagement,whocanthenmakethedecisiontoabortorprovidefurtherfunding.Insomecasestheinterfaceofthephasesoverlap,asinthe
8、caseofcertaindesignandconstructcontracts,whereconstructionstartsbeforethedesignisfinished
