備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)突破（全國(guó)通用）03 代詞（核心考點(diǎn)精講練）(原卷版)

《備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)突破（全國(guó)通用）03 代詞（核心考點(diǎn)精講練）(原卷版)》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫(kù)。

考點(diǎn)03代詞（核心考點(diǎn)精講練）代詞在近年高考試題中出現(xiàn)頻率非常高。代詞的考查集中在語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)中，主要考查代詞的主格，賓格，形容詞性物主代詞，名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞。預(yù)計(jì)2023年高考命題將繼續(xù)考查代詞在具體、特定語(yǔ)境下的靈活運(yùn)用。特別是不定代詞one，theone，ones，theones與指示代詞this，that，these，those，it的用法區(qū)別，代詞的肯定與否定、全部與部分的用法以及反身代詞的慣用語(yǔ)?？键c(diǎn)仍然以人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞等為主?？v觀歷年高考試題，對(duì)代詞的考查主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：1.不定代詞one，theone，ones，theones，another，theother的用法,many,much,few,little,afew,alittle的用法辨析；以及both,all,any,either,neither,none的辨析；2.物主代詞的用法；3.人稱代詞主格和賓格的用法；4.表示兩者和多者的不定代詞的比較；5.指示代詞this，that，these，those，it的用法；6.another，(the)other(s)，else，therest的用法；7.every-，some-，any-，no與-thing，-one，-body構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞的用法。在解題時(shí)一定要明確考點(diǎn)，對(duì)比分析，對(duì)癥下藥，尤其是要掌握容易混淆的代詞的辨析?！舸~的考查要點(diǎn)代詞分為九類：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、指示代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、連接代詞、關(guān)系代詞、不定代詞。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的作用。一、人稱代詞人稱代詞形式數(shù)、格人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyour第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit

11.人稱代詞作主語(yǔ)用主格，作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)用賓格，但應(yīng)注意以下四種情況：①作主語(yǔ)的人稱代詞如果孤立地使用于無(wú)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子中，或在這種句子中與動(dòng)詞不定式連用，常用賓格?！猄usan，goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Whyme？Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.②句子中代詞作賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與所替代的名詞在人稱、數(shù)、格以及意義上一般要保持前后一致。Thethiefwasthoughttobehe.(thethief是主格，故用he替代)Theytookmetobeher.他們誤以為我是她。(me是賓格，故用her替代)③作表語(yǔ)的人稱代詞一般用賓格，但在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分代詞的格不變。Imetherinthehospital.→ItwasherwhoImetinthehospital.④在比較級(jí)的句子中than、as后用主格、賓格都可以。如：Heistallerthanme(I).但在下列句中有區(qū)別：IlikeJackasmuchasher.＝IlikebothJackandher.IlikeJackasmuchasshe.＝IlikeJackandshelikeshim，too.2.兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列，其次序排列原則：在并列主語(yǔ)中，＂I＂總是放在最后，排列順序?yàn)椋憾?人稱)。賓格me也一樣。You，sheandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.Mr.ZhangaskedLiHuaandmetohelphim.一、物主代詞物主代詞形式意義類別我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersoursyourstheirs1.物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，在句子中作前置定語(yǔ)，不能單獨(dú)使用。

2ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s但是我與熊貓的聯(lián)系追溯到二十世紀(jì)八十年代，我在電視節(jié)目中的日子。名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”可單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。Yourcoatisblack.Mineisred.Thereissomethingwrongwithmyphone.MayIuseyours?1.（單句語(yǔ)法填空）_______(they)comingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.19．（單句語(yǔ)法填空）To________________greatcredit,theyoungmansucceededinaccomplishingthetask.一、反身代詞反身代詞形式人稱數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1.反身代詞的語(yǔ)法功能：賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。2.反身代詞和某些動(dòng)詞連用，構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)。devoteoneselfto致力于dressoneself自己穿衣enjoyoneself過(guò)得快活feeloneself覺(jué)得正常3.反身代詞還可用于某些成語(yǔ)中。foroneself為自己；獨(dú)立地ofoneself自然地；自動(dòng)地byoneself獨(dú)自地inoneself本身

31.(2020.7.山東新高考)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine42(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalking(walk)througharainforest.2.（單句語(yǔ)法填空）Actually,IdoknowIneedtodrag________(I)awayfromtheonlineworldsometimes.2.（單句語(yǔ)法填空）Iwonderwhetheryouhaveasked________(you)whatyoureallywant.四、相互代詞(eachother，oneanother)相互代詞無(wú)人稱、數(shù)和格的區(qū)別，在句中作賓語(yǔ)。其所有格分別為eachother’s，oneanother’s，作定語(yǔ)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，eachother指兩者之間，oneanother指三者或三者以上之間，但現(xiàn)在區(qū)分已不明顯。五、指示代詞(this，that，these，those，such，same)指示代詞具有形容詞和代詞兩種詞性，在句子中可以作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。1.指示代詞this(these)和that(those)的區(qū)別。①this(these)一般指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或物；that(those)常指時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。Thisismydeskandthatisyours.Inthosedaystheycouldnotgotoschool.②this常指后面要講到的事物，有啟下的作用；that則指前面講到過(guò)的事物，有承上的作用。Iwanttotellyouthis：theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturdayafternoon.Hehurthislegyesterday.That’swhyhedidn’tcome.③為了避免重復(fù)，常用that或those代替前面已提過(guò)的名詞。TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofNanjing.Theearsofarabbitarelongerthanthoseofafox.④this在電話用語(yǔ)中用于作自我介紹，that用于詢問(wèn)對(duì)方；this和that可以當(dāng)副詞用，意思相當(dāng)于副詞so。Canhardworkchangeapersonthatmuch?考向1對(duì)替代詞的考查1.that(those),one(ones)和it(的替代用法)代詞用法it特指前面提到過(guò)的同一個(gè)人或者物

4that可以指代前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞相當(dāng)于theone。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為those，相當(dāng)于theonesone指代前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的那類事物中的＂一個(gè)＂，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為onesthose指＂the＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)(尤其是有后置定語(yǔ)時(shí))＂—Didyougetaticket?——你搞到票了嗎？—Yes,Imanagedtogetone.——是的，我設(shè)法搞到了一張。TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofGuangzhou.北京的天氣比廣州冷。StudyingWendy’smenu，IfoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilartothoseofMcDonald’s.研究了溫迪的菜單，我發(fā)現(xiàn)其中很多東西和麥當(dāng)勞的相似。Theweatherhereistoocold.Idon’tlikeit.這兒的天氣太冷了，我不喜歡這兒的天氣。說(shuō)明：①one和that都可以用來(lái)替代上文中所出現(xiàn)的名詞，有時(shí)可以互換；但是在下列情況下不可以互換：只能用that只能用onethat既可替代可數(shù)名詞，也可替代不可數(shù)名詞，常要求有后置定語(yǔ)，一般不指人，復(fù)數(shù)形式為those。one只能替代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，只能用one②theones用來(lái)替代上文提到的特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定語(yǔ)的情況下。Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk.桌上的那些書比桌下的好。Onlythose(theones)whohadbookedinadvancewereallowedin.只有那些預(yù)先訂票的人可以進(jìn)去。但是，theones中的ones根據(jù)情況可用形容詞修飾，而those不可以?！猈hichdoyouwant?你想要哪個(gè)?—I’llhavetheredones.我要紅色的。Don’tbuytheexpensiveapples;getthecheaperones.別買那價(jià)錢貴的蘋果，買那便宜的?！局R(shí)鏈接】1.當(dāng)替代詞one/ones緊跟在形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞以及this,that,these,those,which,either,neither,another等限定詞之后時(shí)，通常可以省略。如：　　Ithinkmydog’sthefastest(one).我想我的狗是跑得最快的(一只)。

5　　Either(one)willsuitme.(這兩個(gè)當(dāng)中)哪一個(gè)對(duì)我都合適?！　et’shaveanother(one).咱們?cè)賮?lái)一個(gè)吧。　　Shelookedateach(one)carefullybeforeshechose.她仔細(xì)地看了看每一個(gè)，然后才挑選?！　hich(one)wouldyoulike?—That(one)looksthenicest.您要哪一個(gè)?——看起來(lái)那個(gè)最好。　　2.復(fù)數(shù)形式的ones之前一般不直接用名詞所有格、物主代詞、數(shù)詞以及some,any,both,several,dozen,own等詞修飾。如：　　Haveyougotanydrawing-pins?CanIborrowsomeplease?你有圖釘嗎?我能借一些嗎?(不能說(shuō)：…someones?)　　Doyouhaveanynewdiaries?—Wedon’thaveanyatthemoment.你有沒(méi)有新的日記本?——我們眼下一本也沒(méi)有了。(不能說(shuō)：...anyones?)　　HehasthreedictionariesandIhaveonlytwo.他有三本詞典，但我只有兩本。(不能說(shuō)：...twoones.)　　注：如果ones前有描繪性形容詞修飾，則可以使用上述詞語(yǔ)。如：　　誤：herones/someones/anyones/fiveones/yourownones　　正：herredones/somenewones/anyoldones/fivebadones/yourownniceones　　在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，ones不能緊跟在these和those之后。但是在英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中可以這樣用(也不常見(jiàn))?！　?.當(dāng)一個(gè)名詞受另一個(gè)名詞修飾時(shí)，通常不宜用one(s)來(lái)替代。如：　　Doyouneedcoffeecupsorteacups?你們需要咖啡杯還是要茶杯?(不能說(shuō)：...orteaones?)　　但若一個(gè)名詞受表材料的名詞修飾，可用one(s)替代。如：　　Wecanlendyouplasticchairsormetalones.我們可以借給你塑料椅子或者金屬椅子。1.（2019·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空）Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthan_________whoarenot.A.onesB.thoseC.theseD.them2．Beingaparentisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheparentofachildwithspecialneedsoftencarrieswith_______extrastress.A．itB．themC．oneD．him

63．In2016,Iwroteabook,After9/11，aboutmyexperiencesand_______ofoveradozenofmyformerclassmates.A．thatB．thoseC．theoneD．ones4．ThenewinformationwillhelpThaimusicculturedevelop,aswellas________ofnearbycountries.A．itB．oneC．thoseD．that考向2對(duì)both，all，either，any，neither，none的考查這些詞都可用作代詞或形容詞。其位置都在be動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前或第一助動(dòng)詞之后。1)　both(兩者都)，either(兩者中任何一個(gè))，neither(兩者都不)。以上詞使用范圍為兩個(gè)人或物?！eitherofthetwoboysisclever.　兩個(gè)男孩都不聰明。　2)both，either　both與復(fù)數(shù)連用，either與單數(shù)連用?！oththeboysareclever.　兩個(gè)男孩都很聰明?！itherofthetwoboysisclever.兩個(gè)男孩都很聰明?！hereareflowersonbothsidesofthestreet.(兩岸)路邊長(zhǎng)滿了花?！hereareflowersoneithersideofthestreet.(岸的兩邊)路邊長(zhǎng)滿了花。　3)all(所有的，全部的人或物)，any(任何一個(gè))，none(都不)。以上詞使用范圍為三者以上?！lltheflowersaregone.　所有的花都謝了?！don'tlikeanyoftheflowers.　這些花我都不喜歡?！likenoneoftheflowers.　這些花我都不喜歡?！∽⒁猓篴ll與none用法一樣。跟單數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞;跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞?！llofthestudentsarethere.　所有的學(xué)生都在那?！ll(of)themilkisthere.所有的牛奶都在那。1.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,but_______containedanyusefulsuggestions.A.allB.noneC.eitherD.neither2.—WhenshallIcall,inthemorningorafternoon?—_______.I’llbeinallday.

7A.AnyB.NoneC.NeitherD.Either3.AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears,shelost_______ofherenthusiasmforlife.A.nooneB.neitherC.noneD.all4.Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbut_______wasavailablefromthatshop.A.nothingB.noneC.nooneD.neither考向3對(duì)another，theother，other，others，theothers的考查代詞用法other不能單獨(dú)使用，只能修飾名詞，表示泛指意義theothertheother可單獨(dú)使用，特指兩個(gè)人或物中的＂另一個(gè)＂；也可修飾名詞，表示＂另外的……＂another單獨(dú)使用或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指＂另一，再一＂；泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的＂另一個(gè)＂。另外another后可接＂基數(shù)詞/few＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＂形式，表示＂另外的……(多少)＂others單獨(dú)使用，表示泛指意義，意為＂其他的人或事物＂，常與some一起出現(xiàn)theothers意為＂剩余的一些＂Hisparentsbothworkinahospital.Oneisadoctorandtheotherisanurse.他父母都在一家醫(yī)院工作。一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，一個(gè)是護(hù)士。WhenAmericansmovedfromoneplacetoanother，theytooktheirdialectswiththem.當(dāng)美國(guó)人從一個(gè)地方遷移到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，他們帶著自己的方言。Youareateamstar！Workingwithothersisreallyyourcupoftea.你是隊(duì)里的明星！與別人一起工作的確是你的所愛(ài)。Ihavethreedaughters.Oneisanurse，anotherisateacherandstillanotherisaworker.我有三個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是教師，還有一個(gè)是工人。Weneedanotherfewchairs.我們還需要幾把椅子。1.Itseemedsosadthatthetwo,whohadbeenlovers,pretendednottorecognize________whentheymetinthe

8street.A．neitherB．theotherC．eachotherD．a(chǎn)nother2.—Wouldyougetmeabarofchocolatefromthekitchen,dear?—_______one?A.OtherB.EveryC.AnotherD.More3.Tostayawake,hefinishedacupofcoffeeandordered_______.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.another4.Youaretheteamstar!Workingwith_______isreallyyourcupoftea.A.bothB.eitherC.othersD.theother1.Recently,as(I)grandmotherbecameill,Ifound(I)spendingmoretimeinthehospital.2.Ihatewhenshecallsmeatwork-I’malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwith(she).3.Iamblessedtohaveaclosefriend,withagenerousheartandaninterestingsoul.4.suddenlyoccurredtohimthatwasbadmannerstoarguewiththeteacherbeforehefiguredouttheproblem.5.NooneisgreaterthanHawking,becausehehasreshaped(we)understandingofwhatitmeanstobethosewhoarebrokeninbodybutfirminspirit.6.Despite(he)oldage,Jackisstillinbettershapethanmanyyoungmen.7.You’dbettertakedownthenumberthatJimtoldyoujustnowincaseyouforget.8.–-Myrulerisbroken.CanIborrow(you)?--Ofcourse.Hereis.9.Inhisletter,hethanked(I)formyappreciatinghiswork.10.isbelievedthatitwashisabilitytoworkunderpressurethatledtohisgreatsuccess.11.Inthepast13years,ZhangGuimeihashelpedmorethan1,600girlsachieve(they)universitydreams.12.Generally,peopledefineasuccessfullifeasbeinghappy,healthy,andabletoenjoylifeto(it）fullest.13.Nowadays,schoolsafetyisahotissue.Ithinkthisisaphenomenon,callingforourgreatconcern.14.IhadthisideaafewyearsagobutIcouldn’tfindamanufacturerthatcoulddeliverwhatIwanted,soIdiditby(I).15.Helentmeafewbooks,butofthemareeasytoread.16.It’sreportedthatboysusuallycopythebehavioroftheirfathers’,andgirlsoftheirmothers’.17.Sometimestheyjustdriveslowly,enjoyingthesceneryonsidesoftheroad.18.Icameacrossagoodfriendof(I)inthesquaretheotherday,butwedidn’ttalk

9muchbecausehewasrushingtocatchthebus.19.Takingregularexerciseisonegoodwaytohelpuskeepfitandhavingabalanceddietis.19．TheSmithsdid(they)besttomakemeandmyfriendfeelathome,andwebothwerereallymovedbytheirgenerosity.1.（2022全國(guó)乙卷語(yǔ)法填空）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening_____50_____(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.2.（2022全國(guó)乙卷短文改錯(cuò)）Whenyourideabicycle,youdon’tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnotcauseairpollution.3.（2022全國(guó)甲卷短文改錯(cuò)）Oneday,myfathertalkedwithmeandhopedtomendourrelations.Withtheeffortsmadebyallsides,webegantounderstandeachotherbetter.4.（2022全國(guó)甲卷短文改錯(cuò)）MyfatheroftentookmetohishospitalwhenIwasoffmyschool.【2021年高考語(yǔ)法填空】1.（2021新高考一卷）Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad"willneverdisappear",anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory.Itsuredoesin????________????(I).2.（2021全國(guó)乙卷）Ecotourismhas????65.??_____??(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.3.（2021年6月浙江卷）Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof???41?______??????(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder."【2020年】（2020·山東卷）Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine42．(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.【2019年】（2019·北京卷）Nervouslyfacingchallenges,IknowIwillwhisperto3(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.【2018年】1.（2018·全國(guó)卷I）Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70.______atry.2.（2018·浙江卷）ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountries

10oncetheyrealizehowcheap58._____canbetoeatout.【2017年】（2017·浙江卷）Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt59._____(I),”saysPahlsson.高考短文改錯(cuò)2下列各句中均有一處錯(cuò)誤，指出并改正。1.(2021全國(guó)甲卷)Onlyalittlechoosetodealwiththeproblemsontheirown.2.(2021全國(guó)甲卷)Onlyafewchoosetodealwiththeproblemsonourown.3.(2021全國(guó)乙卷)Ilovedoinghousework....Inmyopinion,studentscanbenefitalotdoingsomehousework....That’sourviewonhousework.4.(2020·全國(guó)I)“Notthatway,”mymomtriedtostopusbutfailed.5.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ)BestofluckwithyourslearningkungfuinChina.6(2020·全國(guó)III)Butheinsistsonuseatinghealthyfood.7.(2019·全國(guó)III)Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhichiscreatedforthem.8.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅰ)ThefirsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andanotheranimals.9.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅱ)NomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchcartoons,myparentswouldnotletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.10.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ)IhaddonemyselfhomeworkbutIwasshy.11.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenthbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.12.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ)Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.13.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅲ)Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.