2023年新高考英語壓軸題專項訓練 壓軸題06 完形填空（原卷版）

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壓軸題06完形填空完形填空是全國各地高考英語必考題型之一，它要求考生能夠讀懂一篇有空缺的文章的大意，根據(jù)已學知識，在整體理解的基礎上，推導出未知內(nèi)容。它具有主觀性測試和客觀性測試的雙重優(yōu)點。它既可以在語篇中考查考生英語基礎知識，即詞匯、語法知識，又可考查考生運用語言知識的能力，如詞語搭配、習慣用法、詞義辨析、語言交際、文化背景和社會風俗等。同時它還要求考生必須具備良好的把握上下文行文邏輯和篇章結構的能力。1．高考完形填空題的文章選材廣泛，注重原汁原味，內(nèi)容著重體現(xiàn)新課標所要求的“關注學生情感，提高人文素養(yǎng)”這一人文理念。文章體裁以記敘文為主。2．文章長度250詞左右，一般設空20個，設空平均間距為10個詞左右。首句不設空。3．考查以語篇內(nèi)容理解為主，注重對文章語境的理解和把握。題型按語境進行分類，可分為句內(nèi)層次題、句組層次題和語篇層次題。語法考查很少見。4．選項以考查實詞為主，如名詞、動詞、形容詞等；虛詞為輔，如介詞、連詞等。5．此類完形填空多采用“記敘+議論”模式，先敘述后議論，后者往往是有感而發(fā)，是事件的主題升華。因此最后1-3段議論部分要與前邊記敘部分相結合才能做出最佳選擇。滿分技巧：1.運用邏輯關系解題2.運用上下文解題3.運用主旨句解題4.運用常識解題5.運用文化常識或固定搭配解題6.運用排除法解題7.復現(xiàn)信息，找根源8.熟詞生義，橋推斷9.情態(tài)態(tài)度，慎思量解題思路第一步：通讀全文，定中心，抓住明線完形填空的命題原則一般是文章第一句不設空，以使得考生快速進入語境，把握整篇文章。試題所選短文是一個整體，詞、句、段三者之間存在一定的邏輯關系，因此解題時，考生首先要跳過空格瀏覽全文，從整體上理解文章大意，把握文章脈絡。此時考生不必急于為每一個空白選出答案，可以利用上下文信息進行預測，部分地選出答案。對于沒有把握的部分先不予處理，集中注意力于上下文，細心推敲，直至最后選出答案。

1另外，為了對文章進行準確理解和把握，考生要充分利用文章首句、首段來把握文章主旨大意。有時也應注意將文章的首尾聯(lián)系起來，以便對文章的主旨把握得更準確。有些文章是按照事情發(fā)生、發(fā)展的順序來展開，最后才點明故事的結局，揭示事件的哲理；只有讀懂了故事的結局，吃透文章的寓意，考生才能對文章進行準確定位。第二步：仔細讀文章，瞻前顧后，先易后難，抓住暗線有的考生在做完形填空題時，一看到比較熟悉的語法結構，如句子、短語等，便不假思索地去選答案，對特定的語境不作深入的理解，導致“定式思維”的錯誤。注意上下文邏輯推理和中英文差異。第三步：重檢查，理清明暗線高考完形填空所選文章都堪稱精品，其邏輯必是上下貫通，其結構也必是自然有序、脈絡清晰。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，考生心里對文章的線索、脈絡以及主旨、寓意等也應該有一種很“明朗”的感覺；如果做完以后，還是似懂非懂，猶如“霧里看花”，那就證明對文章的把握還不到位，還需要復讀全文，驗證答案。考生可以從文章的內(nèi)在邏輯入手，看所選答案是否經(jīng)得起推敲，是否能自然融入整個語篇。如果有游離于文章主旨之外或與整篇文章的邏輯相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。備考建議：1.重視對基礎單詞和搭配的掌握，尤其是對一些動詞和動詞短語的背誦記憶。2.重視對完形填空上下文邏輯關系的理解和推理能力的練習。3.做近五年高考真題，揣摩高考真題完形填空的考查特點和重點。（2023·湖北·華中師大一附中?？级＃㊣wasanangryadolescentinmyfirstyearsofcollege.OnedayIhadaseriousfightwithmyfather.Isawhimas____1____andwantedtobreakfree.WebothexplodedinshoutsandI____2____outofthehouse.MymindracedwithangrythoughtsabouthimandIsighedallthewaytoschool.AsIranacrossthecampustowardstheclassroom,IsuddenlyrealizedthatIdidn’thavetheassignmentthatwas____3____:athoughtcard.ProfessorSimonhadexplainedthateveryTuesdaywemust____4____anindexcard,onwhichwewroteathought,aconcern,aquestionoranythingthat’sonourmindandthathewouldreturnthecardeveryWednesdaywithhis____5____oransweronit.Hestressedthatthecardwasour____6____toclassonTuesdays.Now,Iraceddownthehallway,tenminuteslatetoclass.Justoutsidethedoor,Itookoutanindexcardandwroteonit“Iamthesonofanidiot!”,asIcouldonlythinkaboutthe____7____I’djusthadwithmydad.ThenIdashedintotheroom,handedthecardtoDrSimonandtookmyseat.ThemomentIreachedmyseat,I___8___tellinghimthataboutmydad.Ididn’twantto____9____myselftohim.

2WednesdaymorningIgottotheclassearlyand_____10_____intheback.Dr.Simonbeganreturningourthoughtcards.Onmycardwaswritten,“Whatdoesthe‘sonofanidiot’dowiththerestofhislife?”Hisquestiongotrighttothe_____11_____oftheissue:Whoseproblemwasit?Whoseresponsibilitywasit?Dr.Simon’scommentkeptcomingupinmymindoverthenextfewweeks.Slowly,mythinkingbeganto_____12_____.PeoplebegantonoticethatIwastaking_____13_____formydoingsandchoices.Mygradesimproved.Myrelationshipwithmyfatheralsoimproved_____14_____.NowIsawhimasconcernedandcaring,insteadofcontrolling.Anditall_____15_____withaquestion,aninnocent-seemingquestion.1．A．controllingB．demandingC．frustratingD．confusing2．A．stoleB．stormedC．marchedD．paced3．A．boundB．properC．trickyD．due4．A．takeinB．letinC．bringinD．getin5．A．commentB．gradeC．criticismD．standard6．A．guideB．a(chǎn)dmissionC．entryD．contribution7．A．conflictB．raceC．talkD．deal8．A．deniedB．recalledC．regrettedD．delayed9．A．connectB．exposeC．recommendD．introduce10．A．stoodB．frozeC．criedD．hid11．A．causeB．heightC．heartD．surface12．A．shiftB．focusC．wanderD．form13．A．creditB．a(chǎn)ctionC．blameD．responsibility14．A．a(chǎn)utomaticallyB．mildlyC．dramaticallyD．swiftly15．A．helpedB．startedC．proceededD．concluded（2023·湖北·校聯(lián)考二模）IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKidintroducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm-itwantedsomebodyas____16____asPaul-he____17____me.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhave____18____theiragentsorthestudiopowers.Thefriendshipthat____19____theexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhadits____20____inthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionof____21____andliveTV.We____22____craft(技藝)andfocusedon____23____thecharactersweweregoingtoplay.Bothofushadthe____24____andvirtuesthatare_____25_____ofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother-butalwayswithanunderlying_____26_____.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofour

3relationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthe_____27_____thatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshould_____28_____somethingback-hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodforkidsinneed,andmewithSundance.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupat_____29_____.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotof_____30_____.16．A．handsomeB．famousC．tallD．smart17．A．supportedB．sponsoredC．enviedD．declined18．A．a(chǎn)ttendedtoB．turnedtoC．listenedtoD．a(chǎn)ppealedto19．A．wasruinedbyB．wasrestoredbyC．wasvaluedforD．wasdevelopedfrom20．A．resourceB．meaningC．rootD．motivation21．A．theaterB．danceC．musicD．sports22．A．a(chǎn)dmittedB．learnedC．respectedD．grasped23．A．a(chǎn)rguingaboutB．a(chǎn)pprovingofC．runningintoD．digginginto24．A．responsibilitiesB．qualitiesC．reliabilitiesD．capacities25．A．uniqueB．ordinaryC．fundamentalD．typical26．A．sympathyB．inspirationC．a(chǎn)ffectionD．willingness27．A．goalB．beliefC．standardD．experience28．A．putB．takeC．giveD．bring29．A．screensB．eventsC．partiesD．concerts30．A．a(chǎn)ctionsB．promisesC．messagesD．words（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江第一中學?？寄M預測）Anewweekbegan.Marcusenteredtheschool.____31____,hecriedout,“Whathappenedtothestadium?”Someonehadpaintedfacesonthestadiumwall!Allstudentswerewhisperingwith____32____aboutthegraffiti(涂鴉).Possibleexplanationsspreadlikewildfirearoundtheschool.Later,whenBriancleanedtheblackboard,Marcussuddenlyspottedthepaintonhishands.He____33____thatitwasBrianwhodidit.Afterschool,MarcusfollowedBrianand____34____onwhathewasdoing.WhenBrianopenedhislocker,Marcussawsmallcansofpaint!Hedecidedto____35____ittoMr.Johnson.Thenextmorning,Brianwascalledtotheprincipal’soffice.ThemomentMr.Johnson____36____askedaboutthegraffiti,Briancried.____37____,Brianexplainedthathelikedtopaint,buthecouldn’tjointheartclubbecausehehadtogo____38____homeafterschooltobabysithislittlebrother.“I’msorry.I’llcleanthe

4stadium,”hesobbed.Thoughangryatfirst,Mr.Johnsonbegantosoftenasherealizedhow____39____Brianwas.“Brian,paintinggraffitionschoolwallsisaveryseriousmatter.Ofcourseyoushouldcleanand_____40_____thewall.”Mr.Johnsonpaused,“_____41_____Imustsay,thosepaintingsarequitegood.Didyoudoitalone?”Briannodded,“Yes.I’mgoodatpainting.”Mr.Johnsonthoughtforamomentbeforemakinga(n)_____42_____.“Well,”hesaid,“someteacherssuggestedthatwehirealocalartisttopaintourschoolmascotontheschoolwall.Wouldyouliketoparticipateinthat?”“Really?”Brianhesitated,_____43_____tobelieveit.“Yes,butit’shardwork,andwecanconsideritpartofyour____44____,”Mr.Johnsonsaid,tryingtohidehis____45____ashepickedupthephone.31．A．GraduallyB．GenerallyC．UsuallyD．Suddenly32．A．curiosityB．disappointmentC．fearD．relief33．A．wipedB．examinedC．scanned.D．suspected34．A．spiedB．reflectedC．commentedD．hit35．A．makeB．reportC．describeD．retell36．A．hesitantlyB．patientlyC．directlyD．sympathetically37．A．AshamedB．SurprisedC．ExcitedD．Satisfied38．A．slowlyB．lateC．deliberatelyD．right39．A．fortunateB．miserableC．relaxedD．naughty40．A．repaintB．hideC．buildD．repair41．A．AndB．SoC．OrD．But42．A．promiseB．choiceC．decisionD．a(chǎn)ppointment43．A．unableB．unwillingC．unlikelyD．unhappy44．A．responsibilityB．talentC．devotionD．punishment45．A．regretB．a(chǎn)ngerC．smileD．pride（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Atschool,artclassisfun.We____46____withdifferenttechniquesandgenerallygetcreative.However,afieldtriptoanartgalleryisoften____47____.Lastyearmyartteacherorganizedatriptoanartexhibition.Thegallerywasfullofolderpeople,whoobviouslydidn’twanttobewith____48____students.Weallgot____49____andcouldn’tstopchatting.Ourteacherwasgetting____50____andkepttellingustobequiet.

5Thenextdaywecomplainedtoourteacheraboutthe____51____ofactivitiesforteensatartgalleries.She____52____thatavisitshouldbebotheducationalandfun.That’swhenIdecidedtogoonlineandlookforartgalleriesthathavespecial____53____forteens.Eventually,I____54____tofindahugerangeofactivitiesandproposedsometomyteacher.Ialsousedthe____55___tolearnaboutartists.Recently,IfoundacontemporaryartistcalledMartinBailey.I’ve___56___seenartistswhocombinedifferenttechniques,butBaileyistotallydifferent.Hedoesuniqueillustrationswith___57___householdobjectssuchasumbrellas,headphonesandevencookies.Hisartissimple,butitmakesyouseethings___58___.Forexample,henoticesthataflowerissimilartoamop(拖把)andputsthis_____59_____intolifebydrawingalittlemanwitharealflowermop.It’sreally____60____!IhopeI’llbeabletogotoanexhibitionofhisworkinthefuture.46．A．dealB．startC．struggleD．experiment47．A．disappointingB．challengingC．excitingD．interesting48．A．noisyB．carelessC．a(chǎn)ttentiveD．creative49．A．a(chǎn)nnoyedB．boredC．lostD．worried50．A．weakB．sensitiveC．stressedD．tired51．A．lackB．themeC．resultD．schedule52．A．a(chǎn)nnouncedB．demandedC．suggestedD．a(chǎn)greed53．A．giftsB．pricesC．paintingsD．events54．A．happenedB．determinedC．managedD．expected55．A．a(chǎn)ctivityB．internetC．tripD．exhibition56．A．a(chǎn)lreadyB．neverC．merelyD．obviously57．A．usefulB．fancyC．suitableD．ordinary58．A．clearlyB．directlyC．differentlyD．critically59．A．designB．ideaC．plantD．tool60．A．a(chǎn)bstractB．a(chǎn)musingC．strangeD．practical（2023·河北石家莊·統(tǒng)考一模）JonathanJones,12,wasovercomewithemotionafterhisprincipal,whoisalsocolorblind,lethim___61___hisuniqueglassesduringscienceclasslastweek.AssoonasJonesputtheglasseson,heappearedtobeimmediately___62___.Heinitiallysmiledandlaughed,buthe___63___momentslater.Hethenwalkedaroundtheclassroomexcitedly,___64___thenow–vividcolorsaroundhim.“IwasfeelingjoythatIcould___65___seeallthiscolor...andalittlebitof___66___thatIcouldn’tsee

6colormywholelife,”JonathantoldABCnews.Theboy’smotherposteda(n)___67___ofJonathanseeingcolorforthefirsttimeonlineandstartedaGoFundMecampaigntobuyapairoftheuniqueglassesforJonathan,whichreportedlycost$350.However,somanypeoplewere___68___byJonathan’sstory,andthecampaignactuallyendedup___69___morethan$25,000.Shewrote“Afterpostingthevideo,we’vebeentouchedbyhowmany_____70_____peoplehavewantedtohelphim.We’vehad_____71_____pairsdonatedtoJonathanandwilluse100%ofdonatedfundstopurchasecolorblindglassesforthosewhocan’t_____72_____them.”“Theglassescompanywill_____73_____everypairwepurchasewithafreepair,whichdoublesthenumberofpeoplewecan_____74_____,”shecontinued.ForJonathan,withthenewglassescomesanew_____75_____oftheworld.Hesaidhisfavoritecolorisblueandhe’sexcitedtovisittheCaribbeanthiswintersohecanseetheoceaninallitsglory.61．A．borrowB．polishC．removeD．a(chǎn)djust62．A．disappointedB．a(chǎn)nnoyedC．surprisedD．embarrassed63．A．calmeddownB．brokedownC．cheeredupD．wokeup64．A．mixingB．paintingC．changingD．exploring65．A．finallyB．rarelyC．constantlyD．occasionally66．A．tensionB．sadnessC．reliefD．shame67．A．pictureB．a(chǎn)rticleC．videoD．introduction68．A．movedB．shockedC．confusedD．entertained69．A．loaningB．costingC．savingD．collecting70．A．wealthyB．generousC．competentD．a(chǎn)mbitious71．A．limitedB．cheapC．multipleD．fashionable72．A．findB．produceC．fixD．a(chǎn)fford73．A．matchB．equipC．replaceD．compare74．A．treatB．instructC．helpD．a(chǎn)ccompany75．A．futureB．viewC．situationD．record（2023·湖南衡陽·統(tǒng)考二模）Astormblewupoverthestate.Inthemorning,Ifoundababybirdinthegallery.Hewaswetthrough,lookingvery___76__forhimself.Hewasalone,withno___77___around.Realizinghewas__78__bythestorm,Ipickedhimupandmadeabig“house”forhim,filledwithsomegrassand___79__Hewasvery____80____atfirst.Butastime____81____hefinallybecameoutgoingandsatonmyshoulderasIwalkedintheyard.Fromthenon,he____82____becameamemberofmyfamily.Heatesomeof

7thedog’smeatandsomeinsectsI____83____tofind.Twoweeksgoingby,hedecidedtoflyoffonhisown!Iwasgladhe____84____andwasabletolivehislifeasheshould.Aboutoneyearlater,Iwasintheyardagain,thistimehangingoutsome____85____whenabigbirdflewdownand____86____onmyshoulder!Hewasnotabit____87____andIknewitwashim.Stayingforawhile,heflewoffupintothe____88____,disappearing.Awildbirdcamebacktosay,“Thankyoufor____89____me.”Fantastic!____90____thelittlething,Iexperiencedastrongsenseofsatisfaction.76．A．sorryB．gratefulC．proudD．happy77．A．foodB．signC．parentD．people78．A．foundB．a(chǎn)ttackedC．destroyedD．troubled79．A．flowersB．branchesC．treesD．toys80．A．noisyB．relievedC．satisfiedD．quiet81．A．wentawayB．brokeoutC．passedbyD．caughtup82．A．officiallyB．secretlyC．luckilyD．surprisingly83．A．expectedB．intendedC．promisedD．managed84．A．escapedB．recoveredC．restedD．survived85．A．washingsB．teachingsC．buildingsD．findings86．A．drankB．sleptC．a(chǎn)teD．landed87．A．a(chǎn)stonishedB．a(chǎn)ngryC．a(chǎn)fraidD．calm88．A．galleryB．yardC．houseD．sky89．A．servingB．rescuingC．curingD．making90．A．ThankstoB．InspiteofC．InadditiontoD．Nextto（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）Owingtotherecentpandemic（流行?。﹔esearchershavebeentryingtofindmorewaystokillviruses,andoneresultoftheirworkinvolves___91___.Ithaslongbeenknownthatultraviolet（UV）（紫外線的）lightcandestroymicrobessuchasbacteriaandviruses.Itisalreadyusedasacleaningagentinhospitalsandto___92___airandwaterbutonlywhenpeoplearen'taround.That'sbecausetherearethreetypesofUVlight:UVA,UVBandUVC．a(chǎn)ndtheyareall___93___tohumans.UVAandUVBexposurecan___94___skincancer,whileUVBisresponsibleforsunburns.UVClightismostlyabsorbedbytheEarth'satmosphere,butitisevenmoredangerous.ArtificialUVClightcanpassthroughtheouterlayerofskinandeyecellsto___95___thelivingcellsunderneath.___96___,thereisatypeofUVClight,knownasfar-UVC,whichdoesnotpassthroughtheouterlayerof

8cells.Butstudiesofthelong-termeffectsoffar-UVConhumans,___97___studiesongroupscomprisingmorethan20people,arenotavailable.ResearcherDavidBrennerhashelpeddevelopafar-UVClightthatkillsvirusesandbacteria.Inanormal-sizedroom,fivelamps___98___thenumberofmicrobesby98percentinlessthanfiveminutes.Toachieveresultslikethisthroughventilation（通風設備）alone,theairwouldhavetobechanged184timesperhour,whichiscurrently___99___.Evenatlowersettings,thelampsstillkilled92percentofvirusesin15minutes.CountriesvaryintheirstandardsforhowmuchUVlightpeopleareallowedtobe____100____to.SinceBrenner'steamwasoperatingintheUnitedStates,heobservedAmerican____101____,whicharelessstrictthanthoseofsomecountriessuchasGermany.ButevenworkingwithinGermany'slowerlimitofUVlightexposure,Brenner'slightsstilldecreasethenumberofmicrobes____102____.Brennerarguesthatusingthelights,even____103____Germany'sregulations,wouldlikelyhavereducedthenumberofpeoplewhodiedfromCovid-19.Inthefuture,far-UVClampsmaybe____104____inallpublicspaces.Researchershopethatinstallationanduseofsuchlampscouldpreventfuture____105____.Althoughmoreextensiveresearchneedstobedone,thereishopethatthiswillbetheireffect.91．A．electricityB．soundC．lightD．a(chǎn)ir92．A．cleanB．separateC．produceD．mix93．A．beneficialB．harmfulC．influentialD．essential94．A．turntoB．refertoC．owetoD．leadto95．A．damageB．a(chǎn)voidC．protectD．a(chǎn)bsorb96．A．MoreoverB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Meanwhile97．A．a(chǎn)smuchasB．a(chǎn)sforC．a(chǎn)saresultofD．a(chǎn)swellas98．A．increasedB．explodedC．reducedD．lightened99．A．definiteB．impossibleC．realisticD．sensible100．A．extendedB．coveredC．exposedD．warned101．A．standardsB．featuresC．policiesD．orders102．A．permanentlyB．instantlyC．completelyD．significantly103．A．designingB．obeyingC．a(chǎn)pplyingD．experimenting104．A．commonB．unusualC．seldomD．doubtful105．A．lampsB．projectsC．pandemicsD．diseases（2023·安徽安慶·樅陽縣會宮中學統(tǒng)考二模）OnedayIwasapproachingseveralmassivecreatureswhenI

9cametoasuddenstop.Itwaswellbeyondmethatthesehugeanimalsshouldbelimitedbyonlysomeropes.Itwas____106____thattheanimalscouldeasilyescapefromthesesmallropestiedtotheirfrontlegs.However,_____107_____,theydidnot.Ispotteda____108____closebyandwonderedwhytheelephantsjust____109____wheretheywereandhadnointentiontobreakaway.“Well,”hereplied,“asthey’revery_____110_____wetiethemwiththesame____111____ropeandit’senoughto____112____themfortheirage.Astheygrowup,they’re_____113_____toholdthebeliefthattheycanneverrunaway.Theythinktheropesareboundto_____114_____holdthem,sotheydonotstruggletobreakfree.”Iwas____115____.Thelargeanimalscouldeasilymoveawayfromtheir_____116_____buttheyfelttheycouldn’t,sotheywere_____117_____rightthere.Inourlifeanumberofpeopleare_____118_____withthesamewrongself-limitingbelief—I’mnotexcellentenoughorwhytryitifI’mnotgoingto____119____it.However,weoughtn’tto____120____ourcapability,talentandpotential.Instead,weshouldbelieveinourselves.Afterall,weneedtochangewiththetimesandthinkoutsidethebox.106．A．importantB．obviousC．necessaryD．hopeful107．A．a(chǎn)tthattimeB．fromthenonC．inthatcaseD．forsomereason108．A．trainerB．teacherC．doctorD．businessman109．A．sleptB．a(chǎn)teC．stoodD．relaxed110．A．thinB．youngC．weakD．ill111．A．sizeB．colorC．styleD．length112．A．a(chǎn)ttractB．trainC．cheatD．hold113．A．encouragedB．conditionedC．taughtD．forced114．A．stillB．evenC．justD．hardly115．A．thrilledB．interestedC．shockedD．disappointed116．A．ownersB．thoughtsC．habitatsD．bonds117．A．stuckB．killedC．soldD．fed118．A．laughedatB．toldoffC．broughtupD．reliedon119．A．meanB．catchC．getD．make120．A．controlB．underestimateC．ignoreD．develop

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