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1、哈爾濱理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文微波輔助預(yù)處理稻稈纖維素的工藝研究摘要纖維素是地球上最豐富的多糖，全世界秸桿或木質(zhì)纖維類生物質(zhì)能約相當(dāng)于640億噸石油，是目前世界上少數(shù)可預(yù)測(cè)的能夠?yàn)槿祟惓掷m(xù)提供能源的資源。利用纖維素水解產(chǎn)物經(jīng)發(fā)酵生產(chǎn)乙醇為纖維素資源化利用提供了很好的途徑。纖維素材料的預(yù)處理是生產(chǎn)可發(fā)酵還原糖的關(guān)鍵步驟，該步驟的優(yōu)化可提高纖維素的水解率，進(jìn)而提高還原糖產(chǎn)量。本文考察了水稻秸稈在微波作用下，不同微波功率、作用時(shí)間以及不同質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的NaOH和催化劑Na2S對(duì)預(yù)處理效果的影響，利用分光光度計(jì)對(duì)預(yù)處理過的稻稈濾液進(jìn)行吸光度測(cè)定，掃描電鏡（SEM）對(duì)
2、未經(jīng)任何處理、經(jīng)0.5%NaOH微波中火加熱5min后、經(jīng)0.5%NaOH和0.2%Na2S微波中火加熱5min后的水稻秸稈表面微觀形貌進(jìn)行觀察，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了酶解及還原糖濃度測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明：經(jīng)NaOH和Na2S溶液預(yù)處理以后的水稻秸稈，可發(fā)酵還原糖產(chǎn)量得到提高，SEM圖片顯示預(yù)處理后稻桿的表面結(jié)構(gòu)受到不同程度的破壞。在微波功率為中火，加熱5min的條件下，NaOH質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.5%、催化劑Na2S質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.2%時(shí)，對(duì)水稻秸稈的預(yù)處理效果較好，還原糖濃度達(dá)到51.52g/L。關(guān)鍵詞 微波；預(yù)處理；稻稈；還原糖-II-哈爾濱理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文Res
3、earchontheprocessesofpretreatmenttoricestrawcellulosewithmicrowave-assistedAbstractCelluloseisthemostabundantpolysaccharide.Thestraworlignocellulosetranslocatedbiomassenergy,equivalenttoabout64milliontonsofoil,istheonlypredictedresourceoftheworldwhichcouldcontinueprovidinghuman
4、resourcesofenergyatpresent.Cellulosehydrolysisusedbyfermentationwayintoethanolproductionprovidesagoodwayforcelluloseutilization.Fibermaterialpretreatmentisakeyprocessintheproductionofethanol,cellulosehydrolysiscanbeincreasedthroughthesestepsofoptimization,andthenimprovetheferme
5、ntablereducingsugarproduction.BasedonthestudyofricestrawpretreatmentunderdifferentmassfractionofNaOHandcatalystNa2Swithmicrowave.Theabsorbanceofpretreatedricestrawfiltrateweredeterminedbyspectrophotometer.Thesurfacemorphologyofricestrawwithoutanypretreatment,pretreatedwith0.5%N
6、aOH,pretreatedwith0.5%NaOHand0.2%Na2Swereobservedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),theenzymatichydrolysisweredoneandthefermentablereducingproductionwerealsodetermined.Theresultsshowthatthefermentablereducingproductionofricestrawhasincreasedandthestructurealsogotdifferentdegreeo
7、fdamageafterpretreatedwithNaOHandNa2S.Inthemicrowavepoweratmediumbakingtemperature,heating5min,whilethemassfractionofNaOHis0.5%,catalystNa2Sis0.2%,thepretreatmenteffectisgood,andtheconcentrationoffermentablereducingsugaris51.52g/L.Keywords microwave;pretreatment;ricestraw；reduc
8、ingsugar不要?jiǎng)h除行尾的分節(jié)符，此行不會(huì)被打印-II-哈爾濱理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文目錄摘要IAbstra
