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1、BriefinformationaboutNOPNOP簡介1.WhatisNOP?什么是NOPTheNationalOrganicProgram(NOP)ispartoftheUSDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA).Afterseveralyearsofdiscussionsbetweenorganicmarketstakeholders,theNationalOrganicStandardcameintoforcein2002.Thestandardcanbeviewedatwww.ams.usda.gov/nop/NOP/
2、standards.html(thenchoose"ElectronicCodeofFederalRegulations(e-CFR)Website").國家有機(jī)項(xiàng)目NOP是美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的一部分。經(jīng)過有機(jī)市場利益相關(guān)方之間幾年的討論,國際有機(jī)項(xiàng)目于2002年生效。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以在網(wǎng)址www.ams.usda.gov/nop/NOP/standards.html上瀏覽(選擇"ElectronicCodeofFederalRegulations(e-CFR)Website")2.WhoneedstobeNOPcertified?哪些需要NOP認(rèn)證?Anygrowe
3、rorhandler,whowantstosellorganicproductsontheUSmarket,mustbecertifiedaccordingtoNOPbyaUSDAaccreditedcertifier.AlsoyoursuppliersoforganicingredientsmustbeNOPcertified.Theonlyexcemptionsare:任何想要在美國市場銷售有機(jī)產(chǎn)品的栽培者或者處理者都必須經(jīng)過USDA認(rèn)可的認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)依據(jù)NOP進(jìn)行認(rèn)證。同時(shí)有機(jī)成分的供應(yīng)商也要經(jīng)過NOP認(rèn)證。除非:·Smallholderswith
4、lessthan5,000USDannualturnoverfromorganicsales,whoselltheirproductsdirectlytotheconsumer(thisisnotrelevantforproducersoutsidetheUSA).有機(jī)銷售的年?duì)I業(yè)額少于5000美元的小農(nóng)戶,小農(nóng)戶直接將其產(chǎn)品銷售給消費(fèi)者。(該點(diǎn)與美國以外的加工商無關(guān))·Retailers零售商·Operations,whichhandleagriculturalproductscontaininglessthan70%oforganicingred
5、ients,oronlyidentifysomeorganicingredientsontheinformationpanel.處理的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的有機(jī)成分少于70%或者只在信息欄說明某些有機(jī)成分的操作者?!roductsfromthethreetypesofcompanieslistedabove,cannotbeusedasorganicingredientsinNOPcertifiedprocessedfood.來自上面列出的3中類型的公司的產(chǎn)品不能在NOP認(rèn)證的加工產(chǎn)品中作為有機(jī)成分適用?!perations,whichonlyhandlepac
6、kagedorganicfood(§205.101).只進(jìn)行處理包裝好的有機(jī)食品的操作者。3.Somegeneralissues,whichdistinguishNOPfromtheEURegulationonorganicfarming,andfromotherorganicstandards一些NOP區(qū)別于EU有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)章和其他有機(jī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一般問題üNOPgiveshighprioritytotheorganicfarm'sorcompany'sownresponsibility:Inanorganicmanagementplan(calledby
7、NOP"OrganicSystemPlan")theoperatordescribesanddefinesprocedurestoassuretheorganicintegrity(§205.201).Asafirststepthecertifierverifies,whethertheseproceduresarecompliantwithNOP.NOP高度重視有機(jī)農(nóng)場或公司自身的責(zé)任:在有機(jī)管理計(jì)劃中(NOP稱為有機(jī)體系計(jì)劃),操作者對程序進(jìn)行描述和規(guī)定,確保其有機(jī)真實(shí)性(§205.201)。第一步是認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)核實(shí)這些程序是否符合NOP。üThete
8、rm"conversion"or"transition"doesnotexistinNOP.F